On October 22, the International Court of Justice of the United Nations issued an advisory opinion that Israel, as an occupying country, must fulfill its obligations under international humanitarian law, facilitate humanitarian aid entry into the Gaza Strip, and ensure the smooth passage of aid materials provided by UN agencies.

The International Court of Justice considers that Israel, as an occupying state, must not prevent humanitarian relief activities in occupied territories for security reasons, and urges Israel to ensure access to basic livelihoods and medical supplies and services for civilians in occupied Palestinian territories.

The International Court of Justice stated that Israel should do its best to facilitate relief plans carried out by United Nations agencies, including the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, other international organizations and third countries,"must not obstruct relevant relief actions," and must respect and protect all humanitarian and medical personnel and facilities, and abide by the prohibition of starvation of civilians as a method of warfare.

In December 2024, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution requesting the International Court of Justice to clarify Israel's responsibilities and obligations as an occupying power in accordance with international law, including ensuring the unimpeded flow of humanitarian aid and supporting the activities of the United Nations and other humanitarian organizations in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.