On the 17th of this month, Mongolia's Prime Minister, Zandhan Shalit, was suddenly removed after just four months, Mongolian news reports say that this was decided by a vote at the national Huarar meeting.
Because Zandan Shattar has always been regarded by the outside world as a pro-China representative, he suddenly stepped down, and many people began to worry about whether the cooperation between China and Mongolia would go wrong.
In fact, this year Mongolia is not the first time to change the prime minister, half a year ago, former prime minister O Yong Yong-den because his son rented a helicopter to bid for marriage video crazy on the Internet, was accused of riches, corruption, and finally could not withstand the pressure of the public opinion resigned.
When Zandan Shatar took over, everyone felt that he could stabilize the situation, he had a profound qualification, when he had the foreign minister, the speaker, or the affinity of President Hu Jintao, there was almost no opposition when he came to power.
As a result, no one thought it would take four months for him to step down, and in half a year both prime ministers fell, which has broken the record for the shortest time a prime minister has been in power since Mongolia’s democratization.
This sudden shift in power is not only as simple as the domestic political struggle, but also makes a major transnational project that has just been talked about uncertain.
In September 2025, at the SCO summit held in Uzbekistan, the leaders of China, Russia and Mongolia just sat together and signed an important document, a memorandum of cooperation on the "Force Siberian-2" natural gas pipeline.
This pipeline will send 50 billion cubic meters of natural gas to China every year in the future, and the contract will last for 30 years. For the three parties, this is a large project that can cooperate for a long time and strengthen ties.
But despite these diplomatic achievements, he eventually resigned, and on October 17 the parliament voted to take him off his horse on the grounds of a vague “violation of the constitution.”
In the end, which article of the constitution was committed, how, even if it was illegal, no one said clearly, this reason for not understanding is more suspicious, everyone is wondering, is his so obvious policy, guilty of the interests of some people.
The faction distribution of the political sphere in Ulan Bator is actually very clear but also very subtle, there are pro-China, pro-Russian, pro-American, the three forces have been here, the most active of which are those who advocate the "third neighborhood" policy.
These people advocate more good relations with Europe, the United States, Japan, India and other countries, want to rely on external forces to balance, do not want to rely too much on China and Russia, in order to please the West, they even dare to tear up coal contracts with China, and also want to rob China's mines.
But as soon as Zandanshatar took office as prime minister, he immediately changed his direction with the Mongolian country, more practically cooperating with China, especially the border issue, he also said to prioritize and take this matter as a priority.
At the sixth meeting of the Joint Border Committee, the two countries talked a lot, such as how to manage the borders, make the border line clear and stable, build ports, interconnect, govern the ecological environment and so on.
In short, as long as it is a matter of concern to China, Mongolia is willing to discuss it. The outside world feels that Zandan Shattar has already set a "pro-China" line as soon as he came to power.
So on October 10th, more than 50 members of parliament from Mongolia jointly initiated a motion demanding that Zandanshatar be dismissed, saying that he violated the Mongolian Constitution.
Specifically, when appointing the Minister of Justice and the Minister of Interior, he did not follow the parliamentary process and directly skipped the parliament, which is not allowed in the Mongolian Constitution.
Members felt that he had undermined the separation of powers and affected the governance of the country. As soon as the motion came out, the parliament began to act. On October 16th, the Standing Committee of the State Great Khural held a meeting to discuss this matter.
After reading the materials, the committee members determined that Zandan Shattar had indeed violated the rules, so they handed the proposal to the plenary session. The next day, the plenary session formally voted. There were 126 members in the Mongolia Parliament, and 111 people came this time.
The final vote resulted in 71 votes in favour, 40 votes against, 17 abstentions.
Now that the Zandanshatar government has suddenly fallen, everyone is worried about whether the cooperation previously negotiated between Mongolia and China can continue.
As a result, things quickly reversed. On the 20th, the Mongolian President's Office issued a statement, and President Khurelsukh directly denied the decision to remove the Prime Minister.
The statement said that the removal of the prime minister violated the country's constitution and procedures, so the president decided to use his veto power to stop the matter.
According to the law of Mongolia, the president does have the power to veto some parliamentary decisions, but it has almost never happened in Mongolian history that the parliament removes the prime minister.
Hugelsuch dared to do so, showing that he was very clear that if this removal was successful, the Mongolian political circle would change greatly.
In fact, Mongolia is dependent on the Chinese market, and many people may not imagine how serious, in the first half of 2025, Mongolia's exports to China amounted to $60.3 billion, accounting for 97.6% of their total exports.
Without a doubt, if the Mongolian country is with China, their own economy will soon collapse, the same reason, China and Russia's Mongolian natural gas pipeline project is the same, cooperation between countries, in the end, still look at the interests.
In short, Mongolia has only two neighbors, China and Russia, and it can't develop without these two countries.