In the past two years, the conflict between Hamas and Israel overwhelmed the entire region. On October 7, 2023, Hamas broke out of Gaza, killing more than 1,200 Israelis and taking 251 hostages, which directly set off a full-scale war. The Israeli army rebeled, bombed, grounded, torn Gaza into a ruin, thousands of Palestinians were killed, starved, displaced and countless more. The United Nations data were there, the number of deaths broke 40,000, the infrastructure destroyed eighty, hospitals and schools were all targets. This was not only a military confrontation, but also a continuation of the historical complaint: after the establishment of the State of Israel, the Palestinians lost land, refugees from generation to generation, such a Hamas organization started from here
After Trump came to power, the Middle East policy was always oriented towards Israel. During his first term he recognized Jerusalem as the capital, the Golan Heights as Israel, and also pushed the Abraham Agreement to the La Arab State. Now in 2025, he rolled back, and the first thing was to look at Gaza. Why? On the one hand, domestic Jewish voters and evangelical supporters in the United States looked at him, and Trump had to feel there; on the other hand, Biden's two-nation program had become empty, the international isolation of Israel grew heavily, the EU stopped selling arms, the United Nations Security Council opened the old council. Trump's calculator sounded: a plan, showing both his diplomatic arm and Netanyahu's downstairs. Netanyahu? This old 74-year-
The core of this 20-point plan is stuck in hostages and troop withdrawal. Hamas has 48 hostages left, and Israel has thousands of Palestinian prisoners. According to the plan, all people will be released within 72 hours of the ceasefire, the Israeli army will withdraw from the north to the north of the "yellow line", 600 aid trucks will enter Gaza every day, and the Gulf countries will pay for reconstruction. However, if you look closely, the future governance of Palestine is very vague, only mentioning the "multi-party committee" and not explicitly mentioning the founding of a state.
On September 29th, Trump met Netanyahu in the cabinet conference room. The two closed the door and chatted for 45 minutes, focusing straight on Gaza. The Trump team has already prepared a 20-point framework, the core of which is Hamas's release, Israel's withdrawal, a short-term ceasefire, and aid entry. The document is 12 pages, bilingual in English and Hebrew, with terms as detailed as hostage lists and withdrawal coordinates. The first stage: Hamas released 48 hostages within 72 hours, Israel released 150 prisoners, and the army retreated 5 kilometers north of Jabaliya. Aid came in from Rafah Border Crossing and was distributed in Egypt. The reconstruction part is $10 billion, and the Gulf donation is guaranteed by the United States, but the governance only says "Peace Council", representatives of Israel, Egypt and Arab countries, and there is no shadow of the Palestinian state. Trump read the main points at the press conference and said it was a "fair plan." Netanyahu stood next to him and nodded that Israel was committed to destroying Hamas and bringing back hostages.
After lunch, the Rose Garden signed a letter, Trump gold pen, Netanyahu followed. Office English statement first: Israel accepted the proposal as the beginning point of the end of the war. Trump social posts "historic breakthrough", Netanyahu English pushed similar, emphasizing allied cooperation. Global media headlines, stock market prices shrink, international reactions are small: the EU welcomes a ceasefire, the UN calls for compliance. The agreement annex states "Gaza's future multilateral negotiations, possible Palestine participation", but no hard metrics. Trump's team drafted here, fearful of Israel's shell. Netanyahu grabbed the air, first English approved, welcomed the U.S. public opinion, then more than 4 p.m., from the Embassy's Hebrew
The transition is as fast as flipping a book. Before the meeting, Netanyahu's cabinet fell out, and Ben Gviersmotrich held a meeting on the evening of 28th to oppose any concessions. Smotrich tweeted the plan as a "disaster", Ben-Gvir threatened to quit the party, and the cabinet had 64 seats, which collapsed as soon as it was dispersed. After the attack on October 7, 2023, the Netanyahu government's intelligence lost its chain, Mossad Shin Bet did not give an early warning, and the opposition party Lapid launched an investigation, resulting in a loss of 50 billion shekels. His support rate in the polls is 38%, and the general election is approaching, so it has to be balanced. Trump's plan is biased towards Israel: Hamas will release all hostages, Israel will only partially withdraw, and reconstruction will depend on Israel. But the far right doesn't buy it. They want a permanent buffer zone and occupy Gaza to bomb people. Netanyahu privately talked to Trump about Iranian missiles and diverted his attention. The agreement was signed, but the implementation details are waiting for discussions in Cairo, Egypt, and the coordinates for the release and withdrawal of hostages are still hanging. A Palestinian Hamas spokesman said Israel violated the spirit, the Egyptian foreign minister held an emergency meeting, and the Qatari emir called to coordinate. UN Secretary-General Guterres called an investigation, and the U.S. State Department supported it, but internal worries delayed it.
Netanyahu's change of tone is not a whim, but a deliberate trade-off. His political career relied on security cards. Since he became the first prime minister in 1996, he has pushed walls and built fences. The Iron Dome system has cost Israeli taxpayers tens of billions. After the war in 2023, he used Hamas as a target and dragged it to fight. There was a lot of domestic criticism: Why is the intelligence blind? Why is the rescue chaotic? The corruption case is still under trial. The prosecutor accused him of accepting gifts from media tycoons and exchanging telecommunications interests. He was formally prosecuted in 2020, and he refused to step down. One-third of the seats on the far-right wing of the coalition government, Ben Gvir Party wants Jews to settle in Gaza, and smotrich freezes Palestinian funds, saying it funds terror. As soon as the agreement came out, the two men jumped and threatened to break up. The cabinet dissolved and elected Huang, and his support rate plummeted.
Trump pressure: Republican allies, but directly down the pressure, defending Netanyahu private anti-water. Before the Biden era, he could still rely on Congress to shake his arms, now Trump to publicly sign and block his back. Netanyahu took the plan hot: surface victory, blow himself cleverly, block his mouth; practical execution, extreme right-wing joke, voters blaspheme. calculation: English knock to the American face, Hebrew video Amnesty. video direct hit pain: October 7th lessons can not be forgotten, Hamas rebuild high risk. Israeli army controls central Gaza, build a buffer zone, anti-rocket bombs. extreme right-wing satisfied, he stable the alliance.
On October 8, the Trump White House announced the launch of the first phase: Hamas agreed to release some hostages, Israel withdrew from the northern edge, and Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey mediated. Signed in Cairo, confirmed the list of the first batch of 20 living people, and handed over by the Red Cross. Israel released 150 prisoners and 200 trucks of aid into Khan Younis. But the execution was stuck: Israeli troops retreated only a few kilometers, claiming a security buffer, sporadic air strikes in the middle, Hamas accused violations, and the exchange was extended for 24 hours. At the emergency meeting of the United Nations Security Council on the 9th, Guterres called for opening ports, the EU suspended arms sales negotiations, and the U.S. State Department was worried about delays.
Netanyahu's cabinet held a four-hour meeting in Jerusalem on October 9th to approve the details, but Ben-Gviersmotrich was absent, and smotrich declared to monitor the implementation. Netanyahu emphasizes dismantling the bottom line of Hamas infrastructure. Hamas confirmed the location of five hostages on the evening of the 9th, and the plane was on standby, but Israel withheld 30% of aid and 25% of children were malnourished.