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Editor | L.Y.
Preliminary
On the evening of October 6, local time, the Russian Kremlin officially informed the world that President Vladimir Putin and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu held a telephone conversation. The two sides exchanged in-depth views on the core issues of the situation in the Middle East, clearly expressed their respective positions and agreed to maintain dialogue and communication. This high-level dialogue across Europe and Asia comes at a time when the new plan for the Gaza issue is fermenting and the undercurrent of the Iranian nuclear issue is surging. It quickly attracts great attention from the international community and is regarded as a key window to observe the geopolitical game pattern in the Middle East.
According to the Kremlin website, the two sides had an in-depth discussion on the current situation in the Middle East during the call, including the relevant plans proposed by US President Trump to resolve the Gaza issue. Putin reiterated Russia's firm support for a comprehensive settlement of the Palestinian issue on the basis of the recognized framework of international law.
On September 29, after talks with Netanyahu in the White House, Trump announced that Netanyahu had agreed to the “20-point plan” proposed by the US to end the conflict in Gaza. The core content of the plan was the exchange of detainees through a ceasefire, the gradual withdrawal of Israeli troops, the implementation of international supervision, and the realization of the de-militarization and reconstruction of the Gaza Strip.
On October 3, Hamas issued a statement stating that after discussions and consultations with Palestinian stakeholders and international stakeholders, a formal response had been submitted to regional and international mediators on the “20 Points Plan” and that on October 6, Hamas and Israel held a new round of indirect ceasefire negotiations in the Egyptian Red Sea coastal city of Sham Sheikh.
Besides the Gaza issue, Putin and Netanyahu also exchanged views on other regional issues. The two sides expressed their willingness to resolve Iran's nuclear program through negotiations and further stabilize the situation in Syria. This shows that in the complicated situation in the Middle East, both Russia and Israel hope to solve some key issues through diplomatic means to safeguard their own interests and regional stability.
In the United Nations, the U.S. relations with Israel have been relatively close. The U.S. has long supported Israel militarily, economically and politically, and the U.S. has also urgently sent hundreds of precision-guided bombs to Israel in 2023, when the Israeli conflict was tense, and has often helped Israel veto its resolutions in the United Nations.
However, the relationship is not without its cracks. As civilian casualties in the Gaza Strip increase, voices have emerged in the United States against Israel's "indiscriminate use of force." The Biden administration has also privately asked Netanyahu to open humanitarian channels. Moreover, on the Iranian nuclear issue, the United States and Israel also have differences. Israel has repeatedly said that it will bomb Iran's nuclear facilities, but the United States is worried that the situation will get out of control and affect the global energy market, so it prevents it.
The relationship between Russia and Israel has a unique side. Although Israel has followed the United States in anti-Russia in some international affairs, the two sides also have a cooperative side given the specific interests of the Middle East. Russia has Tartus Naval Base and Hemenham Air Force Base in Syria, while Israel often bombs Iranian targets in Syria. The two sides are tacitly engaged in "secret cooperation."
In July 2025, Israel and Russia also met specifically to discuss Syria, Russia tacitly promised Israel to bomb Iran’s targets, and Israel promised not to touch Russian-controlled areas within Syria.In addition, Russia actively acted as a “committee” to help Israel and Iran negotiate a ceasefire, while also refusing to supply some weapons parts to Israel.
Britain and France have more ambiguous relations with Israel. When the Palestinian-Israeli conflict broke out in 2023, Britain and France followed the United States to scold Hamas and sent warships to the Mediterranean Sea to support Israel. But later, as civilian casualties increased in Gaza, the attitude of Britain and France changed. The French president said that Israel's retaliation exceeded self-defense, and the British Parliament also passed a resolution asking the government to consider recognizing Palestine as a country. Behind this change in attitude lies divisions within the EU.
Britain and France are among the “intermediaries” in the EU and do not want to blame the United States and Israel on the one hand, because Britain sells more than $1 billion of arms to Israel annually, and French nuclear companies have large projects in Israel; on the other hand, it is necessary to take into account domestic opinion and the EU’s position. In September 2025, the foreign ministers of 17 EU countries joined forces to review the EU-Israel Partnership Agreement, which made Britain and France more cautious in dealing with Israel.
conclusion
In contrast to the other four times, the relationship between China and Israel is a different path. China and Israel only established relations in 1992, and in the early years it was unpleasant because of the U.S. confusion. But now, China is Israel's second largest global trading partner, the trade volume of the two countries in 2020 will reach $175.4 billion. Chinese enterprises invest a lot of money in Israeli technology companies, Israeli drip irrigation technology, agricultural Internet of things, etc. also entered the Chinese market. Internationally, China has always called for the "two-country" solution of the Israeli conflict, adhere to a neutral attitude, not to help any party.
Netanyahu’s conversation with Putin is an important node in the Middle East situation and makes it clearer to see the complex relationship between Israel and the United Nations. In this land full of variation in the Middle East, relations between countries are always focused on interests, and how the situation in the Middle East will develop in the future remains to be observed.
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