Today, 105 years ago, on January 17, 1920, Chinese ethicist and educator Yang Chongji passed away.

January 17, 1920-China ethicist and educator Yang Changji passed away

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In 1903, he was admitted to Japan with official fees and studied pedagogy in Hongwen College and Tokyo Higher Normal University for 6 years. Being in Fusang, never forgetting the motherland, and changing your name in your arms, so as to have the middle earth in your heart. He denounced Japanese teachers' remarks that slandered Chinese people, saying that Japan had "bad intentions" and "had the idea of entering China". He also participated in the campaign against Russia. In 1909, he went to England from Japan, entered Albertine University in Scotland, studied philosophy and ethics, and got a bachelor's degree. Later, he went to Germany to inspect education, determined to devote himself to education and serve the motherland and the people. When he returned to Changsha in 1913, he was hired by the Hunan Provincial Government as the director of the Education Department. He flatly declined, saying that he devoted himself to academic research and education, "taking it as his duty to directly influence young people, and intending to spread more seeds until it happens". He successively taught in the Fourth Normal University and the First Normal University of Hunan Province. Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen and a large number of aspiring young people are his students and have received a lot of teachings. He paid great attention to state affairs, tried to rescue Yang Delin, who was persecuted by Yuan Shikai, advised Yang Du not to advocate for Yuan Shikai's restoration of monarchy, support and participate in the New Culture Movement, campaign for the establishment of Hunan University, and so on. He also wrote papers and recommended articles for New Youth. Together with Xu Teli, Li Jinxi and other organizations, he edited and published textbooks for various subjects in primary and secondary schools, translated the History of Western Ethics, and edited the Analects of Confucius, Lecture Notes on Pedagogy and other books. Diary of Da Huazhai and Collected Works of Yang Changji are his masterpieces handed down from generation to generation.

He put forward many insightful views on education: advocating the unity of knowledge and action, focusing on practice, and opposing empty talk; advocating moral education as the center and the comprehensive development of morality, intelligence and body, and proposed 10 aspects such as "determination, ideals, patriotism, martyrdom, diligence, sincerity, meritorious service, courage, perseverance, and respecting ourselves to the present" to encourage students to aspire to be upright and upright people who are beneficial to society; advocating that popularization of education should be combined with improvement; Advocate vigorously develop higher education and oppose the fashionable trend of studying abroad; focus on discovering, caring and cultivating talents. This is "everything is long, but this is the big thing"; advocate that foreign things be used for use and oppose total Westernization. He believed that each country has a national spirit."We study overseas and want to use it when we return to China. We must study deeply the situation of our country. What should be caused, what should be reformed, what should be taken, and what should be abandoned. Be clear in your heart, if you are sure, you can adapt to the country's laziness and respond to the general trend of the universe."

In June 1918, he was hired by Mr. Cai Yuanpei to serve as a professor of ethics at Peking University. He raised funds for students going to France on a work-study program, recommended Mao Zedong to work in the Peking University library, and facilitated the marriage and love relationship between his beloved daughter Yang Kaihui and Mao Zedong. During the May 4th Movement, the article "Tell Students" was published to express his ardent expectations for young people. He died of illness in Beijing on January 17, 1920, at the age of 49. He was buried in Bancang, Changsha County.

Mao Zedong spoke highly of him, calling him a moral man with a strong belief in his own ethics, and trying to encourage students to be upright people who are beneficial to society. All his life, he took the development of education as his own responsibility, "avoiding Taoyuan as an ancient one, and trying to plant big trees for a long time". His two favorite students: Cai Hesen is a theorist of party building in the Communist Party of China (CPC) and a former member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee; Mao Zedong is famous all over the world and is the greatest figure in China in the 20th century. They realized their tutor's ambition of "planting a big tree and leaning on the sky".