On April 6, 2018 (February 21, 2018 lunar calendar), China was the first to discover the cell fate code in the world. It was learned from the Chinese Academy of Sciences that the research team led by researcher Pei Duanqing of Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, after 5 years of research, revealed the scientific principle of chemical preparation of stem cells, and developed a simple and efficient method for the preparation of stem cells, providing a new scientific perspective and solution for the research of induced pluripotent stem cells and the optimization of preparation pathways. The relevant results were published online in the international authoritative journal of stem cells "Cell Stem Cell" on April 6, 2018 Beijing time. Induced pluripotent stem cells can be used to regenerate new tissues and organs, provide personalized "seed" cells for disease treatment and regenerative medicine, and help humans understand the mystery of cell "transformation". Scientists from various countries have developed various methods, some of which have potential carcinogenic hazards, and some have weaknesses such as many steps, long time, low efficiency and unclear mechanism. After five years of hard work, Pei Duanqing's team has developed a method of inducing pluripotent stem cells with chemical small molecules. It only needs to "bathe" the cells with two different "potions" in turn, and then "rejuvenate" to a pluripotent state. This process is achieved by the small molecules in the "potion" first turning off the chromatin structure of the somatic cells, and then turning on the pluripotent gene. The protocol can achieve "rejuvenation" of a variety of somatic cell types, including hepatocytes that are extremely difficult to culture in vitro. Pei Duanqing said: "Since no foreign genes are introduced, the method is easy to operate, uniform induction conditions, and all components are clear and standardized. It will provide a safe and efficient preparation method for stem cell application, and provide a new direction for drug-induced cell fate transformation." Xie Xin, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and deputy director of the National Center for New Drug Screening, said that this study has made our country a world leader in the field of compound-induced pluripotent stem cells.