On January 9, 2017 (December 12, 2016 lunar calendar), Zhao Zhongxian and Tu Youyou won the 2016 National Highest Science and Technology Award. Zhao Zhongxian and Tu Youyou won the 2016 National Highest Science and Technology Award. On the morning of January 9, 2017, the 2016 National Science and Technology Awards Conference was held in Beijing. Zhao Zhongxian, a researcher at the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Tu Youyou, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and a winner of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, jointly won the 2016 National Highest Science and Technology Award. The winners of the National Highest Science and Technology Award each received 5 million yuan. Since its official establishment in 2000, 27 scientists have won awards. Data map: Zhao Zhongxian, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Born in 1941, Zhao Zhongxian, a native of Xinmin, Liaoning Province, has worked in the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences since graduating from the University of Science and Technology of China in 1964. He is one of the founders of high-temperature superconductivity research in China and has been insisting on high-temperature superconductivity research for more than 40 years. The history of superconductivity research has lasted for more than 100 years, during which there have been two major breakthroughs in high-temperature superconductivity. Zhao Zhongxian and his collaborators have achieved important results. They are: 1987 independent discovery of high-temperature superconductors in the liquid nitrogen temperature zone, and after 2008, a series of iron-based high-temperature superconductors above 50K (K: Kelvin temperature, 0K is minus 273.15 degrees Celsius) were discovered and a record of 55K was set. Zhao Zhongxian won the Physics Prize of the Third World Academy of Sciences in 1987, the first prize of the National Natural Science Prize Collective (ranked first) in 1989 for "Discovery of oxide superconductivity in liquid nitrogen temperature zone", and the first prize of the National Natural Science Prize in 2013 for "Discovery of iron-based high-temperature superconductors above 40K and research on some basic physical properties". Data map: Tu Youyou, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Born in 1930, Tu Youyou, a native of Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, was assigned to the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences after graduating from the Department of Pharmacy of Beijing Medical College in 1955. She was inspired by ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine, changed the traditional extraction process of Artemisia annua, and created a method for low-temperature extraction of effective parts of Artemisia annua against malaria became a key breakthrough in Tu Youyou and her team first isolated the anti-malarial active single ingredient "artemisinin" from the active part of Artemisia annua. According to the new national drug regulations, artemisinin was developed as the first new drug since China implemented the new drug approval method. The World Health Organization has recommended artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) as the first choice for the treatment of malaria since the 1990s, and it has now been widely used in malaria-endemic areas around the world. According to the World Health Organization's 2015 World Malaria Report, due to effective prevention and control measures including ACT treatment, the global malaria incidence and mortality rates decreased by 37% and 60% respectively between 2000 and 2015, saving the lives of about 5.90 million children. Tu Youyou and his team have won a number of important awards at home and abroad, such as the second prize of the National Invention Award for "new antimalarial drug artemisinin" in 1979, the Lasker Clinical Medicine Award in the United States in 2011, and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. Outside the Beijing Evening News: Zhao Zhongxian Tu Youyou won the award