On this day, 61 years ago, February 5, 1964 (December 22, 1963, the first autologous bone marrow transplant operation in China was successful. On February 5, 1964, my country successfully performed the first bone marrow transplant from an identical twin to a patient with aplastic anemia. Bone marrow transplantation therapy has brought hope to the cure of leukemia, which has always been considered an incurable disease. Autologous transplantation is a new achievement of bone marrow transplantation therapy.