by Franz II(February 12, 1768 ¨C March 2, 1835) was the last emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (1792¨C1806), the first emperor of Austria (1804¨C1835, known as emperor Francis I) and the son of the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II and Queen Mary Louise of Spain.

When Franz II took office as Holy Roman Emperor, the German city-state allocation was already very serious, and the Holy Roman Emperor had long lost power. The French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte intensified the division of the German city-states, and the prospects for the empire were not optimistic. In view of this, within three months after Napoleon Bonaparte called the Emperor, Franz also called himself Austrian Emperor in response to Napoleon.

Franz II initiated five sacred alliances against Napoleon Bonaparte, and the first four were defeated, and greatly weakened the power of Austria, which indirectly led to the rise of subsequent Prussia. In 1806, Napoleon Bonaparte dissolved the Sacred Roman Empire. Franz II was forced to marry his daughter, Maria Louise, to Napoleon Bonaparte.

Immediately after Napoleon¡¯s fall, Franz presided over the Vienna Conference, establishing the Vienna System and the Sacred Alliance to restore the old ¡°order¡± in Europe, to offset the influence of Napoleon¡¯s propaganda of liberalism.

After Napoleon's fall in 1815, the "Alliance of the Three Emperors" of Franz II, Russian Tsar Alexander I and Prussian King Herbert III has been a bridge to the progressive forces of Europe. During his reign, Franz re-used Metternich as the prime minister of Austria, which was not only the core and executive of the Vienna system, but also the main spreader of mysticism. Through this, Austria restored the status of European powers and deepened its infiltration into the German princes and strengthened its ties with the Kingdom of Hungary, all of which eventually led to the establishment of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1867.