character brief introduction

Ramses II, Pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt, was the son of Pharaoh Seti I, whose reign was the last period of power in the New Kingdom of Egypt. Ramses II ruled Egypt for 67 years, the longest and most influential pharaoh in ancient Egypt's history, marking the peak of Egyptian empire's power. However, the era of non-government of Ramses II was the night before the fall of Egypt, and the huge spending of the country accelerated the decline of national power. After Ramses II's death, Egypt began to decline.

mainly experienced

Ramses II was born on February 21, 1303 BC. His father, Seti I, married a princess daughter, Tuya, a general of the Great War, who had four children, two boys and two daughters. But his eldest son died when he was young, which made Ramses rise to the throne smoothly. He began studying at the "Pharaoh's School" at a young age, served in the army at the age of 10, and his father took him to war at the age of 15 to ensure that he would become a brave king in the future.

Ramses II learned a lot without spending too much time, especially the two skills necessary as a king: to conquer enemies by military means and to build royal palaces. He succeeded in both battle and construction. Today, there is no land in Egypt without his footprint. When his father died, Ramses II was approximately 25 years old, but he already had enough ambition and stubborn self-awareness to make his feat surpass all his predecessors.

As soon as he ascended to the throne, he launched a series of wars against the Syrians, which ensured Egypt¡¯s stability for years to come. His magnificent and solemn buildings included the two temples in Abshimbayr, the Pillar Hall in Karnak, the giant Ramesses temple, a statue, a tomb and the attached buildings of the Luxor temple. He had 200 wives, 96 sons and 60 daughters. When he finally died, there were 13 heirs before him.

He was the only person in the history of Egypt who had held the 14th Siddhartha (the Siddhartha was a re-coronation ceremony for the 30th anniversary of the Pharaoh, the scene is very magnificent), he had held the Siddhartha when he was 30 years old, and then once every 3 years.

main influencing

At the beginning of Ramesses II, he basically expressed his military power in defense, especially in the competition of the coastal ports, while suppressing the opposition forces in the Nubian region (Syria).

Ramses II undertook a series of expeditions to restore Egyptian rule over Palestine. He had a conflict of interest in Syria with another powerful Hittite empire of his time. A famous battle (the Battle of Cadesh) between the two sides took place in 1286 B.C., and Ramses II was in the wind of the battle, but he ordered it to be his great victory. The war with Hittites continued until 1270 B.C., eventually concluding a treaty between Ramses II and King Cattusil III of Hittites. Probably due to fears of Hittite military power, Ramses II ordered a new city to be built as a capital in the northeastern Delta of the Nile and named it Pearl-Messi (meaning the home of Ramses).

In 1269 BC, Egypt and Hittite concluded the first recorded international peace treaty in the world history. The treaty consists of a preamble and nine clauses, the main content of which includes five aspects: (1) the two sides establish permanent peace and do not violate each other; (2) the two kings must fulfill their respective treaty obligations; (3) the two countries form a military mutual assistance alliance, in which one country faces a third country threat, the other country tends to support, at the same time, if one king faces an internal crisis, the other country should also support (this article is crucial); (4) the two countries do not accept the political asylum of the other country's refugees, and have accepted extradition to each other; (5) God punishes the breachers, the guardian of the treaty. Th

Ramses was very pleased with this peace treaty, because the peace treaty was first proposed by the other party, and the other party also sent her princess as the messenger of the "compassion", which also added to itself a strong ally to confront domestic and overseas enemies. In fact, at the time, Hittite King Hattushil faced a much harsher situation than Ramses, with the Assyrian Empire in the east aggressive, the threat of the Northern Caspian tribe increasing, the opposition in the country is also stupid, and the enemy of Ramses is still relatively far away. Therefore, it was a victory as well as against Hattushil. Overall, the terms of the treaty were equal to both sides, and the only one treated unfairly was the divided Syrian

Regardless of how highly the historical significance of this peace treaty is assessed, the scope of this peace treaty is very broad, including permanent alliances, mutual non-aggression, military alliances, extradition of political prisoners, sphere of influence, etc., enough to become the blueprint for future international peace treaties.

Causes of Pharaoh Ramesses II's death

Italian scholars conducted studies of the mummies and based on X-rays of the body layer showed a trace of a knife cut on the neck. According to forensics, the wounds were caused by the sword and could be the cause of the death of the pharaoh. Ramesses II was the king of Egypt in the seventh century BC. According to the legend, he was killed by one of his sons and wife. But it is not clear to date whether the pharaoh underwent a coup or was killed by the rebels.