On 144 years ago today, February 17, 1881 (January 19, 1881 in the lunar calendar), Morgan, the outstanding American ethnography pioneer, passed away. Louis Henry Morgan (1818.11.21-1881.02.17) On February 17, 1881, Louis Henry Morgan, one of the most outstanding social scientists in the United States and the great pioneer of ethnography, passed away. His "Ancient Society", praised by Engels as "one of the few epoch-making works", was translated into various languages. To this day, it is still valued by historians in various countries as an important masterpiece. Morgan was born on a farm near Oro, New York. When he was young, he became interested in studying Indian society. In 1846, he and two of his friends visited the Iroquois Seneca tribe and were accepted as adopted sons by the Eagle Clan. From then on, he collected various information about Indians in detail through investigation. In 1851, he completed his first masterpiece,"The League of Iroquois." Then he began a new exploration. Morgan discovered that there was a contradiction between the Iroquois kinship system and their actual family relations, and he hoped to find a regular understanding through the study of this contradiction. So he continued his investigation and research. It took him a full 10 years to finally master data on nearly 200 kinship systems among nations around the world. In 1865, he completed his second masterpiece,"The System of Blood Consanguinity and In-Marriage in Human Families." Morgan wrote the most important book in his life,"Ancient Society", in 1871. Through this book, he discussed the development process of mankind from the obscurantism era through the barbaric era to the civilized era, and described the development of human economy and culture., the continuous progress of the way to seek means of living; clarified the development of human social organization from the clan system to the formation of the state; discussed the evolutionary history of family marriage; It expounds the transformation of property from public ownership to private ownership, and finally leads to the emergence of class society. Based on Morgan's research, he asserted that contemporary capitalist society is not the ultimate achievement of social progress and development. Morgan wrote many books throughout his life, but "Ancient Society" earned him a huge reputation and attracted the attention of the world's academic community.