On March 30, 2019 (February 24, 2019 in the lunar calendar), a forest fire broke out in Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province. According to CCTV news, at 18:00 on March 30, 2019, a forest fire broke out in Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province. The local terrain is complex, with steep slopes and deep valleys, and inconvenient transportation and communication. After the fire broke out, the local government immediately deployed 689 people to fight the fire in the virgin forest at an altitude of more than 4000 meters. At 17:00 on March 30, a forest fire broke out in Lier Village, Yalongjiang Town, Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province. On the afternoon of March 31, the fire exploded, killing 27 forest firefighters and 3 local cadres and the masses. On April 1, search and rescue personnel found the first batch of victims, a total of 23 people, and the remaining 7 people were found in the surrounding area. On April 2, the fire was completely under control, with an area of about 15 hectares. The bodies of the victims have been transported down the mountain.¡ñ Fire location: Yalongjiang Town, Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province ¡ñ Fire situation: In the alpine and canyon area, the terrain is complex, the mountains are high, steep slopes and deep valleys are deep, transportation is inconvenient, communication is poor, the sky is dry, the temperature is high, and the combustible load under the forest is large. It is extremely difficult to put out the fire. ¡ñ Rescue force: ¡ñ Helicopters: 5 (1 M-26, 4 K-32), carrying out aerial reconnaissance and bucket fire-fighting operations. As of 15:00 on April 2, they had flown 14 sorties, spraying 22 barrels of water, about 65 tons. ¡ñ Ground rescue personnel: At most, more than 700 people The official website of the Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China changed color for the first time. On the afternoon of April 1, the official website and official WeChat of the Ministry of Emergency Management turned black and white. According to the latest news released by the Ministry of Emergency Management, after all-out search and rescue, all 30 missing firefighters from the forest fire in Muli County, Liangshan, Sichuan Province have been found, and 27 forest firefighters and 3 local cadres and the masses have died. The Sichuan Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government and the Ministry of Emergency Management are making every effort to guide fire fighting, identification of the remains of victims, and condolences and compensation for family members. Fire Heroes List Fire Heroes All open fires at the fire site have been extinguished The Information Office of the People's Government of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture held a news briefing on the afternoon of the 2nd to inform the latest situation of the Muli forest fire. Before the ventilation meeting began, the scene collectively observed a moment of silence to the sacrificed firefighters. According to the "March 30" forest fire emergency coordination work leading group in Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture, on the 2nd, through all-out fighting, the entire fire site was completely extinguished and the fire site was fully controlled. Now it is moving to clearing up residual fires and exploring the fire site. stage. Tang Yi, captain of the Liangshan Prefecture Safety Supervision and Law Enforcement Detachment, said that due to the complex terrain of the fire site, high mountains, steep slopes and deep valleys, and an altitude of 3,500 - 3,800 meters, transportation is inconvenient and communication is poor, the sky is dry, the temperature is high, and the fuel load under the forest is large. It is extremely difficult to fight. "The Southern Aviation Forest Protection Station of the Ministry of Emergency Management dispatched 5 helicopters to operate. As of 3 p.m., 5 helicopters had flown a total of 14 sorties and sprayed 22 barrels of water, about 65 tons." Tang Yi, captain of the Liangshan Prefecture Production Safety Supervision and Law Enforcement Detachment, said that more than 600 ground rescue personnel are still fighting on the front line of fire fighting, comprehensively clearing fire spots and smoke spots, and cooperating with helicopter aerial sprinkler operations to ensure that one section is extinguished and one section is consolidated and one section is strictly prevented from resurrecting. Leaders and experts from the Ministry of Emergency Management, the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, the Southern Aviation Forest Protection Station and corresponding provincial and state departments sat at the frontline headquarters to coordinate and guide fire rescue work. Condolences will be organized. According to the report, 27 forest firefighters and 3 local cadres and the masses died during the forest fire. Wang Zehui, deputy secretary-general of the Liangshan Prefecture Government, introduced that at 1:20 a.m. on the 2nd, the first batch of 23 bodies of victims were escorted to the Xichang City Funeral Home. Except for one body that respected the family's request and was placed in Muli County, the remaining 6 bodies were delivered to Xichang on the evening of the 2nd. It was introduced at the briefing that 16 families of victims have arrived in Xichang one after another. Public security personnel have completed DNA typing and testing of the first batch of 23 victims who were transferred, and collected blood samples from the families of 7 victims who arrived in Xichang first. Laboratory comparison and identification. DNA comparison of the families of subsequent victims is also underway. Organize condolence activities after putting the bodies of those to be sacrificed into the coffin. In addition, the Liangshan Prefecture Government established a special working group in accordance with the requirements of one service group for each victim, and transferred medical and psychological counseling personnel to form a service group to provide comprehensive services to the families of the victims. Ji Musila, deputy secretary-general of the Liangshan Prefecture Government, said that the state government and forest fire-related units have initiated the martyr declaration process for 30 dead fire-fighting heroes. At present, the People's Government of Sichuan Province has established a forest fire investigation team in Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture in accordance with the law. It will investigate the cause of the fire, fire-fighting process, emergency rescue and other work in accordance with the law, and organize expert discussions on details such as deflagration during the fire. Relevant investigation results will be announced to the public in a timely manner. Jumped over the cliff and escaped. According to the report, multiple fire spots in the fire site were located on the cliffs. On the afternoon of March 31, firefighters were affected by sudden changes in wind and direction during the transfer. They suddenly encountered a mountain fire and exploded. 27 forest firefighters and 3 local firefighters died. According to the fire-fighting personnel on the scene, when the explosion occurred, two people participated in the fire fighting on the mountain. One of them was safely evacuated, but the other died unfortunately. A forest defense officer involved in the fire fighting told the Beijing News reporter that before the incident, he was not far away from the fire-fighting team that died and later narrowly escaped the fire. He recalled that a total of seven people from the fire brigade and militia in his local village were fighting the fire on the high mountain. At about 5 p.m., the wind direction suddenly changed, and the fire rushed forward quickly."The fire is too strong to describe it with words." Because there was a cliff not far from the fire scene, several of them were forced to jump to the opposite cliff to survive, and several others were injured during the jump. Ask why lightning strikes and mountain fires occur in spring? According to relevant reports, the cause of the fire may be caused by lightning strikes. Zhang Mingying, an expert from the Beijing Meteorological Bureau, said that in spring, when things are dry and temperatures rise, mountain fires are prone to occur under objective conditions. Lightning strikes are also a natural phenomenon that is difficult to prevent and control. Thunder in spring in some places in my country is called "dry thunderstorms" because there is no accompanying rain. Once this "dry thunderstorms" form ground lightning and hit the ground, they can easily cause lightning fire. Lightning causes trees to burn and spread very quickly. This "flying fire" can spread instantly under the action of mountain winds. Zhang Guofang, a professor at the School of Forestry at Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, said that although lightning fires occur in summer, due to frequent rainfall, forest land in the south has a relatively high water content and is not easy to cause fires. What is the "explosion" of forest fire? Zhang Mingying said that some ground vegetation is prone to rot after long-term accumulation, which in turn produces a large amount of combustible gases. At the same time, after mixing with rotten combustibles, it suddenly burns under open fire, causing deflagration. In addition, in relatively closed terrains, spreading forest fires cause combustibles in these terrains to burn and cause deflagration in a relatively closed space. Zhang Guofang introduced that the temperature when the "explosion" occurred was very high, and under the action of wind and terrain, it formed and occurred very quickly. Once this happens, it is very difficult to escape. Deflagration is a typical extreme fire phenomenon in wild fires and causes great damage to ecosystems. Why are mountain fires dangerous and difficult to put out? Zhang Guofang said that forest fire extinguishing is a worldwide problem, and no country can effectively solve it at present. The difficulty mainly lies in its own characteristics. First, forest fires are different from ordinary fires in that they burn in open systems. The second is mobile combustion. The factors affecting the fire are constantly changing, and the combustion, spread and intensity are all changing. In addition, meteorological conditions are also constantly changing, and the influencing factors are quite complex. Third, large-scale forest fires release energy instantly. The temperature is high and the burning is violent, resulting in insufficient oxygen supply. Incomplete combustion will lead to the generation of toxic gases, which is very dangerous to firefighters. Fourth, it is difficult to control. When the fire becomes larger, there are many unknowns and it is difficult to extinguish. What are the high-tech fire-fighting methods for forest fire protection? Zhang Guofang introduced that at present, forest fire protection in China focuses on prevention and actively eliminates it. In recent years, a lot of work has been done on forest fire protection in China. Taking detection as an example, the relevant work in China is even better than that in developed countries. Including the use of infrared fire detectors and satellites to detect forest fires. In addition, artificial rainfall and large-scale fire-fighting machinery are also tools often used in forest firefighting. Zhang Guofang said that the situation at home and abroad is different. For example, Russia is rich in forest resources and few people, and forest fires have little impact on people. The United States relies on its prediction system to weigh the pros and cons and decide whether to put in fire fighting. Due to my country's large population and precious forest resources, the consequences of forest fires will be unimaginable. Therefore, my country mainly focuses on fighting forest fires. The average age of fire fighting heroes is 23 years old. At noon on April 2, the Information Office of the Liangshan Prefecture People's Government announced the list of 30 fire fighting heroes who died in the fire through official Weibo. According to the resumes of the deceased commanders and fighters released by the Ministry of Emergency Management, the Beijing News reporter sorted out statistics and found that the average age of the 27 forest firefighters who died was only 23 years old. The oldest of them is Zhao Wankun, political instructor of the Xichang Brigade of the Liangshan Fire Brigade. He was born in December 1980 and is 38 years old this year; The youngest is Wang Fojun, a firefighter from Class 2 of the Fourth Squadron of the Xichang Brigade of the Liangshan Detachment. He was born in July 2000 and is 18 years old this year. Among the 27 commanders and fighters who died, there were 8 party members, 11 league members, 1 probationary party member and 7 young people. According to statistics from their units, they included 12 people from the Third Squadron of the Xichang Forest Fire Brigade, 12 people from the Fourth Squadron of the Xichang Forest Fire Brigade, and 2 people from the Xichang Forest Fire Brigade Brigade and 1 person from the Liangshan Forest Fire Brigade. The Beijing News reporter noted that the average time for 27 people to join the army was 4.5 years. Among these sacrificed officers and soldiers, the largest number of people were from Sichuan, with 6 people. In addition, there are 5 people born in Shandong, 4 people each from Yunnan and Gansu, 3 people from Jiangxi, and 1 person each from Chongqing, Hainan, Shaanxi, Hubei and Guizhou. In addition to firefighters, Yang Dawa, director of the Muli County Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Zou Ping, a forest management and protection employee of the Fifth Forestry Road Engineering Office of Sichuan Province, and Ba Jin, a firefighter from the Lier Group in Lier Village, Yalongjiang Town, also died in the fire fighting. According to Liangshan Daily's Weibo account, the 27 firefighters who died in the forest fire rescue have been reported as martyrs through relevant channels. On the morning of April 2, the 31st executive meeting of the 11th Liangshan Prefecture Government found that Yang Dawa, Zouping, and Bajin met the relevant conditions and requirements for assessing martyrs, and decided to report to the provincial government for approval in the name of the state government.