On this day, 382 years ago, on May 14, 1643 (March 27, 1643 in the lunar calendar), King Louis XIII died and his son Louis XIV ascended the throne. Louis XIII (September 27, 1601-May 14, 1643) was King of the Bourbon Dynasty of France (1610 - 1643). He was the eldest son of Henry IV and was born in Fontainebleau. He was born as a child by his mother Mary de Medici. In 1615, he married Anne of Austria, the Spanish princess, who was also a child. After Louis XIII came to power himself and relied mainly on the help of Cardinal Richelieu, he began the autocratic rule of France. He died on May 14, 1643 of pneumonia caused by riding into the water.