Samoa is located in the middle of the Polynesian archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, so it has always been known as the "Heart of Polynesia". It has 12 large and small islands with a total area of 3,144 square kilometers.

German merchants entered Samoa in 1856. Later, a German colonial plan was formulated. The plan caused conflicts of interest between Germany and the United States and Britain. In 1889, the three countries signed the Treaty of Berlin, which provided for the establishment of a neutral kingdom in Samoa. In 1899, Britain, the United States, and Germany signed another new treaty. In exchange for other colonies with Germany, Britain gave up its sovereignty over Samoa on January 16, 1900, transferred Western Samoa under British rule to Germany, and Eastern Samoa was under American rule.