211 years ago today, on May 4, 1814 (March 15, 1814 lunar calendar), Napoleon was exiled to the island of Elba. Napoleon established the French Empire in 1804 and became emperor. He consolidated the achievements of the bourgeois revolution at home and waged wars abroad. The massive attack on Russia in 1812 was fiercely defeated. In 1813, the Austrian, British, and Russian organizations organized an anti-French alliance to attack France. In October at the decisive battle of Leipzig, Napoleon was defeated. In March 1814, the anti-French alliance army arrived under the city of Paris. Napoleon was forced to sign an edict of surrender on April 6 and was exiled to the island of Elba in the Mediterranean Sea on May 4. According to the Treaty of Fontainebleau, the Union Army stipulated that Elba was a duchy with three powers under Napoleon, and the restored Bourbon dynasty of France provided an annual pension of 20 million francs and 400 guards.