The China Kuomintang held its Second National Congress in Guangzhou in 1926. There were 258 representatives attending the meeting. The meeting passed a resolution to continue to implement Sun Yat-sen's will and the three major policies of uniting with Russia, uniting with the Communist Party, and supporting farmers and workers. The meeting condemned the counter-revolutionary activities of the Kuomintang rightists and punished several diehards at the Xishan Conference with disciplinary sanctions such as expulsion and warning. The meeting also passed resolutions proposed by the Communists to liaise with oppressed nations in the world and launch worker-peasant movements.

The congress elected 36 central executive members, including 7 Communist Party members including Li Dazhao, Lin Boqu, Wu Yuzhang, Yun Daiying, and 24 alternate executive members, including 7 Communist Party members including Mao Zedong and Deng Yingchao. The Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a manifesto for the congress, stating that it was the responsibility of the congress "to stipulate the plan for the development of the workers and peasants movement, to determine the legitimate attitude towards the workers and peasants movement and to decide to impose severe penalties on party members who undermine the workers and peasants movement"; It is hoped that the congress "will enable the Kuomintang to develop into a mass party under the leadership of the leftists, and to expand the revolutionary foundation of Guangdong to the whole country."