111 years ago today, on January 10, 1914 (December 15, 1913 in the lunar calendar), Xia Ruifang, the founder of the Commercial Press, was assassinated. Xia Ruifang, the general manager of the Commercial Press, was like Xia Ruifang, a native of Chunpu, Jiangsu (now Shanghai), and a typesetter in Shanghai in his early years. Born in 1871. In 1897, he raised funds to establish the Commercial Press in Shanghai. Served as manager. Became the oldest central publishing organization in modern China (moved to Beijing in 1951). In 1897, he raised funds with Bao Xianen and others to establish the Commercial Press. He once printed books such as "Huaying Elementary" and "Huaying Advanced". In 1900, he bought the Japanese Xiuwen Printing Bureau. The next year, the printing library was changed to a joint stock company, and he served as the general manager and founded the magazine "Diplomatic News". In 1902, the publishing of textbooks was the center of the business, and printing offices, compilation offices and distribution offices were added. In 1903, it was changed to a joint venture between China and Japan, and still served as the general manager. Since 1904, "Oriental Magazine", "Education Magazine" and "Novel Monthly" have been published one after another, and primary school teacher training workshops and art apprentice schools have been established. Chen Qimei was assassinated by party members for preventing him from setting up the Yuan Jun headquarters in Zhabei Fuzhou Guild Hall. At the same time, he trained publishing talents at home, organized overseas inspections, and introduced advanced printing technology, which made important contributions to the early development of the Commercial Press. He was assassinated on January 10, 1914. Zhang Yuanji entered the Commercial Press in 1902 and participated in, presided over, and led the business for nearly 60 years. In the first half of the 20th century, the Commercial Press and Zhonghua Bookstore stood side by side and became the two most important publishing houses in modern China. In terms of the length of its establishment, the large share of the publishing market, and the huge social influence, there was no third publishing house in China at that time that could compare with the two. If you compare these two publishing houses, it can be said that they are similar to Peking University and Tsinghua University in the history of modern Chinese education and culture. And if Peking University and Tsinghua University are not yet able to distinguish Xuanlian, then the Commercial Press and Zhonghua Bookstore can be said to be like the champion and runner-up in the competition.