On this day 895 years ago, on February 17, 1130 (January 8, 1130 lunar calendar), Zhong Xiang and Yang Yi of the Southern Song Dynasty revolted. In April, the second year of Jingkang in the Northern Song Dynasty (1127 AD), Jin destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty, and King Kang Zhao Gou ascended the throne and rebuilt the Song Dynasty for the Southern Song Dynasty. In the third year of Jianyan, Zhao Gou was forced to retreat by the Jin army's offensive and tried to secure Jiangnan. When the Jin army pressed south, the Song army collapsed and plundered along the way, and the rulers conquered and restrained, and the government was heavy, which aroused the people in Jiangnan to resist. In February of the fourth year of Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty (February 17, 1130 AD), the people of Wuling (now Changde, Hunan) in Dingzhou took the lead in gathering a crowd to revolt against the robbery of the Ranger Group, destroying the county, burning the official palace, killing corrupt officials, calling on the rich and the poor, and the people of 19 counties in Dingzhou, Li, Tan, Yue and Chen (now Lixian, Changsha, Yueyang, Yuanling, Hunan) responded. In March of the fourth year of Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1130 AD), he was suppressed by Kong Yanzhou's department of the Ranger Group of the Song Dynasty. The rebels fought hard and won the first battle. Later, because Kong Yanzhou's dispatch mixed into the Rebel Army as an internal response, Zhong Xiang was unprepared and was captured and killed. After the sacrifice of Zhong Xiang, hundreds of thousands of rebels were led by Yang Yi, Xia Cheng, etc., and transferred to Dongting Lake District. According to the lake and harbor, they set up camps near the lake, and they were both soldiers and farmers, continuing to compete with the government. In the first year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1131 AD), the envoy of Dingli Town also knew that Cheng Changyu of Dingzhou led the water army to attack Xia Cheng Water Village by car and loach ships, and was defeated by the rebels at the mouth of the Xiachi River (now northeast of Hanshou, Hunan). After the rebels captured the official army's vehicles and ships, they cut down pine cedar, camphor, and other timber in the Dingyi and Li areas, and built large car buildings and ships. They were closely fortified. In February of the fourth year (1130) of the establishment of the regime Jianyan, Zhong Xiang led the uprising and defended his hometown when the Jin people Tutan Prefecture (now Changsha, Hunan), Kong Yanzhou's army committed Lizhou (now Lixian County, Hunan), and Dingzhou was in crisis. The founding name of the country was Chu, and the era name was Tianzai (one for Tianzhan). Zhong Xiang called the King of Chu, and the son Zhong Ziang was the crown prince, and established an official subordinate. In April of the third year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1133 AD), Yang Meli's son, Zhong Ziyi, was the crown prince, and he named himself the Great Sage King, rebuilding the Chu regime. The army suppressed the panic of the Southern Song Dynasty court and regarded it as a big trouble for his confidants, so they sent the army to discuss it. In the third year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1133 AD), in June, Jingnan and Tan Ding Liyue set envoys Wang Qian to command the forbidden troops, imperial front, and Shenwu army 35,000 people, and to control the water army of the company of Jingtan to control all Wu more than 10,000 people, hundreds of warships, and control Cui Zeng and Gao Jin to Dongting Lake. In the third year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1133 AD) in October, Wang Wei went to Yuezhou, led a boat division and Yang Mo's boat and boat navy short soldiers fought fiercely, the ship was small and invincible, and he was defeated at the bridge entrance (now the west bank of the Xiangjiang River in the southwest of Xiangyin, Hunan). Looking for Cui Zeng, Wu Quan and other ambushes in Yushan, Yuezhou, Dongting Lake mouth, Paikou, etc., he led the Shenwu front army with more than 10,000 people to Dingzhou, and met the navy of Chengchang Yubu, attempting to attack from both sides and annihilate the rebels in one fell swoop. Yang Yi observed his plan and made plans. He roamed the villages on the wall, transferred the old and young people and livestock to hidden Yougang (now Yougang Town, northeast of Hanshou, Hunan), and used some vehicles and ships to come out of the empty villages to contain the tired upstream Song army; in addition, he used suspicious soldiers, dispatched several vehicles and boats to submerge thousands of sailors, silenced their flags, and released them to lure and wipe out the downstream Song army. On November 12, the third year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1133 AD), Wang Qian and Cheng Changyu led their army out of the mouth of the Xiachi River, advancing on land and water, encircling and suppressing the Rebel water fortress one by one, and they were all in the air. The lower reaches of the Song Dynasty found cars and boats on the lake, and more than 10,000 people competed to take hundreds of boats into the lake to intercept them. Approaching Yangwukou (now in Dongting Lake, west of Yueyang, Hunan Province), the Rebel vehicles and boats suddenly swirled and collided. The officers were caught off guard, and the boats and boats were all hit and sunk. Cui Zeng, Wu Quan and his subordinates survived. After the Rebel army won the victory in the battle of Yangwukou, they returned to the division and defeated Wang Yu and other troops. In June of the fourth year, Wang Qian sent troops In July, Yang took advantage of the soaring river water, led the car, boat and water army out of the lake to counterattack, wiped out the Muzhai (now Changde East, Hunan) to defend the army, and Wang was defeated and fled. The Rebel army has won many victories, and the army has become more and more prosperous, making Song Ting more and more afraid. In the fifth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1135 AD) in February, Gao Zong mobilized 200,000 army and ordered Zhang Jun to be the governor of the soldiers on all roads, and Yue Fei set up the envoy for the North Road of Jing Hunan, and went to Dongting Lake to encircle and suppress it. In May, after the Song army blockaded the rivers and rivers on all sides of the edge lake, Yue Fei led his troops to Dingzhou, and first lured the Rebel army to surrender among the strongholds, dividing and disintegrating the Rebel army; then the army pressed the border, The failure of the uprising was lured by Yue Fei's policy of recruiting and surrendering. The leaders of the Rebel Army, Yang Qin, Liu Heng, Jin Cong, Liu Xu, Huang Zuo, etc., all went out one after another, but Yang Yi, Xia Cheng, etc. remained in the village. Yue Fei knew that the lake was unfathomable, so he took Yang Qin's advice and sent people to open the gates to release the lake water, put huge rafts to block the harbor, and scattered green grass on the lake to break the advantage of the Rebel army's vehicles and boats. Later, with Yang Qin as a guide, they entered Yangyi Water Village. Yang Yi led the water army to fight. Due to the shallow water, the wheels of the vehicles and boats were entangled in grass and could not move. They were defeated by the army. Each water village was either lowered or broken. So far, the Hunan peasant uprising that had been going on for 6 years was suppressed. Historical Comments In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the uprising led by Zhong Xiang and Yang Yi in Dingzhou (now Changde, Hunan) was a large-scale uprising in the history of our country. The uprising persisted for nearly 6 years, and at its peak, its power spread to 19 counties belonging to 7 states in the Dongting Lake area. The traditional view holds that the uprising put forward the slogan of "equal dignity and lowness, equal wealth and poverty", which forced the imperial court to suppress it seven times, and sent more than 20 people to "Zhao'an", which dealt a heavy blow to the Southern Song Dynasty, which was more secure in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.