On this day 128 years ago, on February 11, 1897 (January 10, 1897 lunar calendar), the Commercial Press was established in Shanghai. The founder of the Commercial Press, Xia Ruifang Commercial Press, was established in 1897 and is the oldest modern publishing institution in China. At the same time as Peking University, it is known as the twin star of modern Chinese culture. The Commercial Press takes the compilation and printing of new primary and secondary school textbooks as its main business. It was founded in Shanghai in 1897 and was founded by Xia Ruifang, Bao Xianen, Bao Chengchang, Gao Fengchi, etc. It was originally a small printing factory operated by a partnership. In 1901, it was changed to a joint stock company with a capital of 50,000 yuan. Zhang Yuanji invested in the shares and presided over the compilation work. In 1903, a printing house, a compilation house and a distribution house were established, which were jointly established by China and Japan, with a capital of 100,000 yuan each, and advanced printing technology from Japan was introduced. The following year, the "Newest Chinese Textbook" was compiled and printed, and it became popular all over the country for a few months. Since then, textbooks such as self-cultivation, arithmetic, history and geography, and English have been compiled and printed one after another. Teachers' workshops, affiliated primary schools, Yangzheng Kindergarten and correspondence schools have been established, and various Chinese and foreign language reference books, periodicals and academic works have also been published. In 1907, a general printing factory and a new site for the compilation house were built on Baoshan Road, Zhabei, Shanghai. In 1909, the library where the compilation house collects rare ancient books and reference books was named Hanfen Building, which At the beginning of 1914, the Japanese shares were liquidated, the capital increased to 1.5 million yuan, and the number of employees reached 750. It became the largest publishing enterprise in China integrating editing, printing and distribution. During the "1-28" War of Resistance in Shanghai in 1932, the General Affairs Office, the Compilation Office, the Printing General Factory and the Oriental Library were burned down by the Japanese army. Subsequently, the enterprise was partially restored. On the eve of the War of Resistance Against Japan, a printing factory was built in Changsha, and books and machines were evacuated to Hong Kong and the southwest region. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the General Management Office was moved to Changsha, then to Chongqing, and after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, it was moved back to Shanghai. In the fifty-three years before the founding of the People's Republic of China, in addition to compiling and printing textbooks as its main business, it also published large reference books such as "Ci Yuan", "Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Chinese Place Names", "Dictionary of Chinese Names", "Dictionary of Chinese Medical Names", "Oriental Magazine", "Novel Monthly" and other important publications. It also published large-scale ancient books such as "Four Series", "Integrated Primary Compilation of Cong Book", "Continued Ancient Yi Series", "Twenty-Four Histories of Hundred Concealed Books", and published famous foreign novels and academic works translated by Yan Fu, Lin Shu and others. During its heyday, it had printing branches in Beijing and Hong Kong, and successively set up branches all over the country and 83 places such as Singapore and Kuala Lumpur. It was quite famous at home and abroad. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Commercial Press moved to Beijing. After 1958, the scope of publication was adjusted in accordance with the provisions of the national publishing policy. Now it mainly compiles and publishes foreign academic works in philosophy and social sciences, compiles and publishes Chinese and foreign language reference books, research works, teaching materials, popular reading materials, etc., and publishes periodicals such as "Chinese Language", "Dialect", and "English World", which has a good influence and reputation among readers. For a century, it has taken it as its own responsibility to open up people's wisdom and Changming education, tried its best to inherit Chinese culture, and actively disseminated new knowledge overseas. It has become "a very important cultural and educational institution" and is a "National Excellent Publishing House". The Commercial Press has 25 departments and controls a joint venture publishing organization - Commercial Press International Co., Ltd. There are 260 employees. The Commercial Press publishes more than 700 kinds of books and audio-visual products every year. Over the past 100 years, it has published more than 40,000 kinds of books and periodicals. Representative publications include "Dictionary", "Modern Chinese Dictionary", "Xinhua Dictionary", "New Era Chinese-English Dictionary", "Oxford Advanced English-Chinese Dictionary", "Compilation of Old Lectures", "Siku Quanshu" (photocopy of Wenjin Pavilion), "Chinese Translation of World Academic Masterpieces Series" (400 kinds) "Biography of World Celebrities" (40 kinds) "Knowledge Series of Chinese Cultural History" (100 kinds) "Commercial Press Library" (50 kinds) and "English World", "China Academic" magazines, etc. Many brand books and periodicals have successively won the National Book Award, National Dictionary Award and National Journal Award. Overview of the Commercial Press During the Republic of China, Shanghai Commercial Press was bombed by the Japanese Army. Member of the First Executive Committee of the Trade Union of the Commercial Press Publishing Institute. The "Conditions for Resumption of Work" of the Trade Union of the Commercial Press and the "Selected Printing Wanbie Collection" of Shen Yanbing Commercial Press