On March 21, 2012 (February 29, 2012 in the lunar calendar), the emergence of a new race of Maludong people in Southwest China shocked the archaeological community. On March 21, 2012, Chinese and Australian scientists made a major discovery about the "Maludong people" in Yunnan that attracted much attention. Researchers who declined to be named said that the "Maludong people" may be a new group of people unknown in the past. A research report published in the internationally renowned scientific journal "PLoSONE" attracted the attention of major media. This report is the research result of archaeological researchers in my country and Australia. A few years ago, they began to analyze and study the ancient human fossils known as the "Maludong Man" found in southwestern China. The researchers speculated that the "Maludong Man" may be a new species that has never been discovered before. They lived in East Asia between 14,500 and 11,500 years ago and did not disappear until the end of the ice age 11,000 years ago. The "Maludong People" discovered in Yunnan 10,000 years ago now have more than half of the world's population in Asia. However, the scientific community still knows little about how modern humans appeared on the Asian continent and how they evolved. Yesterday, the Chinese scientist of the Yunnan "Maludong Man" archaeological team and the relevant person in charge of the Yunnan Province Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology said that the major breakthrough in the research of "Maludong Man" was: "Maludong Man" was more than 10,000 years ago, but he preserved the characteristics of early Homo sapiens 100,000 years ago, and he belonged to the ancient human of the late Homo sapiens era. "Belonging to an ethnic minority in the population at that time." It is reported that theoretically, the origin of humans can be divided into four major stages: Australopithecus, Homo erectus (ape-man), early Homo sapiens (ancient Homo sapiens), and late Homo sapiens (anatomically modern humans). Researchers believe that the "Maludong Man" may be a collateral branch in the late stage of human evolution and may represent an unknown extinct ancient population in East Asia. It has mosaic characteristics between late Homo sapiens and early Homo sapiens, and is currently undergoing confirmation work. This research was completed by the Yunnan Province Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and the University of New South Wales in Australia and took four years. Mixing the characteristics of modern people and ancient people In mid-March this year, the internationally renowned academic journal "Public Library of Science (Comprehensive)" published a 28-page paper on "Ludong People in Yunnan" and "Longlin People in Guangxi". Immediately, National Geographic Magazine gave it a high evaluation. In the abstract of the paper, there are two sentences explaining its importance."Maludong People" may represent a new unknown group of people in the past;"Maludong People" may have been created with the integration of large-scale migration of Europe and Asia, with Hybrid characteristics of African, Western and other populations. The fossils found are "highly unique" and mix the characteristics of modern humans and ancient humans. They lived between 14500 and 11500 years ago and lived by hunting large deer animals, hence the name "Maludong Man." Researchers said that in 1989, China anthropologists discovered three more fossils in Malu Cave, Yunnan. It was not until 2008 that joint research between China and Australia began. Yunnan's special environment has become a refuge. The skull is flat, the eyebrow bones are prominent, the face is short and flat, the nose is wide, there is no modern chin, and there are huge molars. This is the description of "Maludong People" in the paper. The person in charge of the Chinese project said that the era of the "Maludong People" was the transition stage of mankind from the hunting and gathering era to the agricultural era. However, this "Maludong Man" more than 10,000 years ago has the characteristics of humans more than 100,000 years ago, which is rare. According to further analysis by experts, the reason why more ancient features are retained is closely related to Yunnan's own environment, temperature, humidity, and altitude, which makes humans with ancient features evolve slower. Researchers believe that Yunnan, known as the "refuge of ancient species and the origin of new species," has become a relatively concentrated channel for different people to migrate, while species that cannot survive elsewhere can survive here. At the same time, the discovery of the "Maludong Man" shows that the origin and evolution of modern humans in East Asia are much more complex than previously known. "Such fossils may represent the latest surviving record of early Homo sapiens, or may represent an unknown extinct ancient population in East Asia." said the person in charge.