On January 3, 2019 (November 28, 2018 in the lunar calendar), Green Book on Population and Labor: China's Population Continues to Negative Growth. On January 3, 2019, "Green Book on Population and Labor: Report No. 19 on China's Population and Labor Issues" (hereinafter referred to as "Green Book") was released in Beijing. According to the survey data, the green book said that the era of negative population growth in China is coming. The green book was jointly released by the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Social Science Literature Publishing House. Green Book on Population and Labor: China's Population Continues to Negative Growth The green paper pointed out that for China's population, the biggest demographic event that occurred in the first half of the 21st century was the arrival of the era of negative population growth. It is predicted that China's population will reach a peak 1.442 billion in 2029, enter a sustained negative growth from 2030, reduce to 1.364 billion in 2050, and reduce to 1.248 billion in 2065, that is, shrink to the size of 1996. If the total fertility rate remains at the level of 1.6, the negative population growth will be brought forward to around 2027, and the population will decrease to 1.172 billion in 2065, which is equivalent to the size of 1990. China's negative population growth is already unbearable, and it is urgent to carry out research and policy reserves from now on. In November 2013, the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues of Comprehensive Deepening Reform" proposed to "start the implementation of the policy of two children for couples where one partner is an only child," and in October 2015, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to "fully implement the policy of two children for one couple." The Green Paper pointed out that after the implementation of the above policy, although the increase in the fertility rate was not satisfactory, it has also shown a positive reaction of the fertility rate to the new fertility policy. The National Bureau of Statistics of China's projections and analysis based on the data of the National Population Change Sample Survey show that the number of two children born in 2016 rose sharply, and the number of two children further rose to 8.83 million in 2017, an increase of 1.62 million compared with 2016; the proportion of two children in the total birth population reached 51.2%, an increase of 11 percentage points from 2016. Among all births, the proportion of two children has increased significantly, and it has exceeded 50%. According to World Bank estimates, China's total fertility rate has been below 1.6 since 1996, until it rose back to 1.6 in 2013 and 1.62 in 2016. If this trend can be continued, the green paper argues, then China's fertility rate can return to a relatively safe level.