On this day, 77 years ago, August 15, 1948 (July 11, 1948, the lunar calendar), South Korea established the government of the Republic of Korea and North Korea split. Syngman Rhee On August 15, 1948, South Korea established the government of the Republic of Korea with Syngman Rhee as president. As early as October 17, 1947, the United States violated the principles of the Cairo Declaration and raised the so-called North Korea issue at the United Nations. On November 14, the United States manipulated the United Nations and established a "United Nations Commission on North Korea." Under the supervision of this committee, the United States and the puppet group it supported, despite the firm opposition of the Korean people and the condemnation of international progressive public opinion, forcibly held elections in South Korea and established the National Assembly. The Constitution of the Republic of Korea was promulgated in July, and the formal establishment of the Republic of Korea was announced on August 15. At the end of August of the same year, the United States and the Rhee government signed the "Korea-US Interim Military Agreement", allowing the U.S. military to continue to stay in South Korea. Syngman Rhee (1875-1965) participated in the "March 1" Movement in North Korea and stayed in the United States for a long time. He did not return to Seoul from the United States until October 1945, and then served as Speaker of the National Assembly. During his tenure (1948-1960), he launched the Korean War (June 25, 1950-July 27, 1953) and imposed a fascist rule of terror in South Korea. On April 27, 1960, under strong opposition from the South Korean people, he was forced to step down and fled to the United States. He died in Hawaii in July 1965. During his rule of South Korea, the Syngman Rhee clique signed treaties with the United States such as the "Korea-U.S. Joint Defense Treaty"(August 1953), the "Korea-U.S. Economic Assistance Agreement"(October 1953), the "Korea-U.S. Friendship, Trade and Navigation Treaty"(November 1956) and the "Korea-U.S. Investment Guarantee Agreement"(1960), making South Korea's politics, economy, and military affairs actually under the control of the United States. The Cairo Declaration clearly stated that after Japan surrendered, North Korea would gain freedom and independence. After the war, the United States and the Soviet Union accepted the surrender of the Japanese army along the 38th parallel of north latitude. At the same time, the Korean People's Army led by Kim Il Sung stepped up its struggle to liberate the motherland. On October 10, 1945, the North Korea Committee of the Communist Party of Korea was established with Kim Il as secretary. On February 9, 1946, the Provisional People's Committee of North Korea headed by Kim Il Sung was elected, and democratic reform movements such as land reform were extensively launched in northern Korea. Due to the separatist actions of the U.S. and Lee groups, the Workers 'Party of Korea (the Communist Party of North Korea and the New Democratic Party merged to form the Workers' Party of North Korea in August 1946) decided to unite the national progressive democratic forces and hold all-Korea universal suffrage. On September 2, 1948, the Permanent Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly of Korea was elected and the Constitution was adopted. On September 9, the Supreme People's Assembly approved the establishment of the Central Government of North Korea with Kim Il becoming Prime Minister, officially declaring the establishment of the Republic. At the end of 1948, Soviet and U.S. troops withdrew from northern and southern Korea. However, the United States did not really withdraw from South Korea. The United States and Lee groups attempted to annex the Democratic People's Republic of Korea by force, resulting in the outbreak of the Korean War on June 25, 1950. Syngman Rhee (March 26,1875-July 19, 1965) was the first to third presidents of the "Republic of Korea" formerly known as "South Korea"(1948 - 1960). His original name was Li Chenglong. Born in 1875 in Pyongsan County, Hwanghae Province, South Korea. The Republic of Korea (South Korea) was established in 1948, and his newly formed party won the election in South Korea with the assassination of the main leader of the moderates. Elected as the first president. He was re-elected in 1952, 1956 and 1960, with the joke of running against the dead in 1960. He exercised a dictatorship, did not allow the people to oppose his political program, purged the National Assembly, outlawed Progressive Party that opposed him, and executed Progressive Party leaders for treason. During the Korean War,"political prisoners" were arbitrarily executed. In 1960, South Korean students held a "Fourth. There were many casualties during the 19th democracy demonstration, so the masses demanded that Rhee go out. The National Assembly voted unanimously in support of this request. On April 26, 1960, Syngman Rhee issued a statement to end the 12-year-long dictatorship and once again went into exile in Hawaii, the United States. He died of illness in Hawaii in July 1965.