227 years ago today, October 12, 1798 (September 4, 1798 in the lunar calendar), Brazil's first emperor, Pedro I, was born. Pedro I (October 12, 1798-September 24, 1834), the first emperor of Brazil (October 12, 1822-April 7, 1831), was called Pedro I, and served concurrently as King of Portugal from March 10 to May 28, 1826. He was called Pedro IV, nicknamed "Soldier King"(ORei-Soldado),"Emperor King"(ORei-Imperador) or "Libertador"(OLibertador). The first emperor of the Brazilian Empire (1822 - 1831), the son of King João VI of Portugal. Born in Lisbon on October 12, 1798. When France invaded Portugal in 1807, he fled to Brazil with the royal family. In 1820, the bourgeois revolution occurred in Portugal. The following year, João VI returned to Portugal, leaving Pedro as Regent of Brazil. In December 1821, the Portugal Parliament ordered Pedro to return to Portugal and stipulated that all Brazilian provinces should be subject to the jurisdiction of Lisbon. In January 1822, driven by the Brazilian people's struggle for independence, Pedro refused the order of the Portuguese Parliament and decided to stay in Brazil. On September 7 of the same year, he learned that the Portuguese Parliament did not recognize his status as regent and immediately declared Brazil's independence. On October 12, Pedro was ascended to the throne as Constitutional Emperor of Brazil in Rio de Janeiro, known as Pedro I. Later, the National Assembly was established and Brazil's first constitution was promulgated in 1824. After the death of João VI in 1826, he became the nominal King of Portugal, Pedro IV. He soon handed over the throne of Portugal to his youngest daughter Maria (Queen Maria II) and made his brother Miguel the regent. Pedro I exercised autocratic rule in Brazil and safeguarded the interests of the Portugal aristocrats. In addition, the war with Argentina for Uruguay failed, which aroused widespread dissatisfaction among the people. On March 13, 1831, residents and soldiers of Rio de Janeiro jointly held anti-authoritarianism demonstrations, and various places revolted one after another. Pedro I was forced to give way to his son, Pedro II, on April 7. He then returned to Portugal and died in Lisbon on September 24, 1834.