On this day 107 years ago, on March 3, 1918 (January 21, 1918 lunar calendar), the Peace Treaty of Brest was signed between Germany and Russia. At the time of the victory of the October Revolution, Russia had been suffering from three years of imperialist war, and the entire national economy was on the verge of collapse. Soviet Russia urgently needed to withdraw from the war to win peace. The Soviet regime issued the Peace Decree on November 8, 1917, two days after the victory of the revolution. However, the Allied powers, led by Britain and France, ignored the Soviet peace proposal at all, and Soviet Russia was forced to start peace negotiations with Germany and its allies alone. On December 3, 1917, representatives of the two sides negotiated in Brest-Litovsk, occupied by German troops, and signed a temporary armistice for 10 days. The second phase of the peace talks began on January 9, 1918. The Germans issued an ultimatum on February 10, demanding that the Soviet Union immediately conclude a peace treaty and give up the territory from the Baltic coast to Narva, Pskov, and Devinsk. Trotsky, the head of the delegation of the Soviet government, refused to sign the peace treaty and informed the Germans in the name of the Soviet People's Committee that the Soviet Union unilaterally ended the state of war and demobilized the army. On February 18, the Germans launched a full-scale attack on the Soviet Union and occupied a large part of Soviet Russia's territory. In order to preserve the new Soviet power, Lenin insisted that the signing should be signed immediately on German terms; the "left communist group" led by Bukharin demanded that the peace talks be stopped and a "revolutionary war" against Germany should be carried out; Trotsky proposed a plan of no war and no peace. The Central Committee finally passed the resolution to sign on German terms. On March 3, 1918, a delegation of the Soviet government signed a peace treaty with Germany in Brest. It stipulated that parts of Poland, Lithuania, Belarus, and Estonia should be occupied by German troops; the Russian army should be completely demobilized; Soviet Russia would pay reparations to Germany, etc. The Brest Peace Treaty was approved by the Seventh Congress of the Bolshevik Party and the Fourth Extraordinary Congress of the Soviet Union. After Germany's defeat in World War I, the Soviet government announced the abrogation of the Brest Peace Treaty on November 13, 1918.