101 years ago today, on January 24, 1924 (December 19, 1923 lunar calendar), Petersburg was renamed Leningrad. The famous ancient building on the banks of the Neva River in St. Petersburg, Peter and Paul Fortress, in 1712, Russia moved the capital from Moscow to this capital for 200 years. Until 1914, this period was called St. Petersburg. When the First World War broke out in 1914, Russia and Germany were enemies. Because the word "sburg" in St. Petersburg is derived from the German pronunciation, the authorities decided to rename the city Petrograd; in 1917, with the sound of the cannon of the cruiser Aurora, the October Revolution led by Lenin succeeded here and ushered in a new Soviet era. From here, in March 1918, the capital was moved back to Moscow. After Lenin's death in 1924, people deeply missed the revolutionary leader, as the poet Mayakovsky said: Lenin is remembered by every stone here. In memory of him, the city was renamed Leningrad in 1924 ("Grad" means city in Russian). Until January 24, 1992, the city of St. Petersburg held another full name vote to rename the city. As a result, most people agreed to change the old name of St. Petersburg back. This was done in honor of Peter the Great, and at the same time, it also marked the end of the Soviet era! During World War II, St. Petersburg was then called Leningrad. In one of the most tragic episodes of history, the German fascist army besieged the city for 872 days (from September 8, 1941 to January 27, 1944), and Hitler threatened: "Let the city of Petersburg disappear from the face of the earth." The Russians began the difficult defense of Leningrad. The people of the city could only get 25 grams of bread a day, and many people starved and froze to death. But the Soviet Red Army refused to give in, fought desperately, and did not let the enemy advance any further. The defense of Leningrad was finally won, but at a painful price: about 700,000 people died in the siege, 3,200 buildings were destroyed, the city was unrecognizable, and the streets were turned into rubble. After the war, people rebuilt their homes, repairing the estimated destruction of fascist artillery one by one. Through the hard work of artists and craftsmen, the city has regained its former style.