69 years ago today, on January 24, 1956 (December 12, 1955 in the lunar calendar), our country awarded the science prize for the first time. On January 24, 1956, the Chinese Academy of Sciences awarded the 1956 science prize to the accomplished natural scientists of our country for the first time. This time, there are 3 first prizes, 5 second prizes, and 26 third prizes. Each winner has made significant academic achievements, and their research results or theoretical writings have made great contributions to the national economy. For example, Qian Xuesen's engineering cybernetics made a comprehensive discussion of automatic control and automatic regulation theory, which not only laid the theoretical foundation of this technical science, but also opened up future research fields. Hua Luogeng's work on the number theory of multivariate complex variable functions has promoted the development of multivariate complex variable function research internationally. Wu Wenjun's research has solved some basic problems in topology. Qian Weichang's research has been of great help to aviation design and instrument design. The research of some other scientists has also reached a certain level in the international scientific field, and together they have added valuable wealth to the Chinese people.