On January 15, 2019 (December 10, 2018 in the lunar calendar), the first sprout grew on the lunar surface. On January 15, 2019, the biological science experiment payload on Chang'e-4 released the latest test photos. The photos showed that the cotton seeds on board the test had grown shoots, which also marked the completion of the first biological experiment carried out by humans on the lunar surface. The first sprout grew on the lunar surface. The biological science experiment carried out on the moon selected six organisms, cotton, rape, potatoes, Arabidopsis thaliana, yeast and fruit fly, as samples, and brought their seeds and eggs to the moon for cultivation. The latest pictures sent back show that the cotton buds are growing well. This is the first plant bud to grow on the moon after experiencing severe environmental tests such as low gravity, strong radiation, and poor high temperature on the moon, achieving the first biological growth and cultivation experiment on the lunar surface. It is understood that the biological species screening of this popular science experiment has very strict requirements. Due to the limited size of the load, it is required that the animals and plants inside cannot take up too much space. Therefore, the first condition is "small". At the same time, it is also necessary to be able to adapt to the extreme conditions on the lunar surface, requiring animals and plants to be resistant to high temperature, freezing, and radiation and anti-interference. In the future, this successfully cultivated plant bud will continue to grow and is expected to become the first green leaf on the moon.