33 years ago today, on January 19th, 1992 (December 15th, 1991 in the lunar calendar), Deng Xiaoping made a southern tour and delivered an important speech. Deng Xiaoping watched municipal construction in Zhuhai Special Economic Zone From January 18 to February 23, 1992, Deng Xiaoping made a southern tour of Wuchang, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shanghai and other places and delivered important speeches. Deng Xiaoping's southern tour talk played a key role in promoting China's economic reform and social progress in 1990s. Deng Xiaoping emphasized that reform and opening up should be bolder, dare to experiment, and if you see it, you should boldly try and break through it boldly. He said that without a little spirit of venture, a little spirit of "taking risks", a breath of energy and energy, we can't take a good road, a new road, and we can't start a new career. I'm afraid it will take another 30 years for us to form a more mature and stereotyped system, and the principles and policies under this system will also be more stereotyped. He said that reform and opening up can't take a step forward, and they dare not venture. In the final analysis, they are afraid that there are too many capitalist things and they have taken the capitalist road. The key question is whether the surname is "capital" or "she". The criterion of judgment should mainly be whether it is conducive to developing the productive forces of socialist society, strengthening the comprehensive national strength of socialist countries and improving people's living standards. Deng Xiaoping said that some people think that the more foreign capital, the more capitalism. The more "foreign-funded" enterprises, the more capitalist things, the development of capitalism. These people don't even have basic common sense. Deng Xiaoping made it clear that more plans or more markets are not the essential difference between socialism and capitalism. Planned economy is not equal to socialism, and capitalism also has plans; Market economy is not equal to capitalism. Socialism also has a market. Planning and market are both economic means. Deng Xiaoping also said that China's economic development should always strive to reach a higher level every few years. Of course, it is not to encourage unrealistic high speed, but to develop in a down-to-earth manner, stress efficiency, and develop steadily and coordinately. Guangdong, for example, has to go up several steps and strive to catch up with the "Four Little Dragons" in Asia in 20 years. Jiangsu, Shanghai and other places can also develop faster. Deng Xiaoping further pointed out that if the economy develops faster, we must rely on science and technology and education. Science and technology are the primary productive forces. To promote science, we can only rely on science to have hope. Deng Xiaoping talks with Xie Fei (first from left), secretary of Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China