On this day 223 years ago, February 26, 1802 (January 24, 1802 lunar calendar), the French writer Victor Hugo was born. Victor Hugo was born on February 26, 1802, in a family of military officers in Besançon, France. He developed a keen interest in literature during his middle school years. His literary activities began when he wrote for the magazine Literary Conservatives. Due to the influence of his family, Hugo's first poems mostly praised royalism and religion. His first novel, Han Islam, was appreciated by the novelist Notier. His association with Notier prompted Hugo to turn to Romanticism and gradually became the leader of Romanticism. In 1827, Hugo wrote a long preface to his play Cromwell, the famous Romantic Manifesto of Literature and Art. In the preface, Hugo opposed the classical view of art and put forward the literary proposition of Romanticism: insisting not on formulaic but concrete expression of the plot. In particular, he preached the principle of the contrast between true, good, beauty and false, evil and ugliness. This preface occupies an important position in the history of French literary criticism. In 1830, the public performance of Hugo's masterpiece of romantic drama "Ernie" marked the decisive victory of Romanticism over classicism. After the July Revolution of 1830, Hugo went further on the road of the left in politics, and his long-form masterpiece "Notre Dame de Paris" was a work of this period. This work established Hugo's reputation as a famous novelist. At the beginning of the "February Revolution" in 1848, Hugo had become a staunch Republican and was elected to the Constituent Assembly, becoming the leader of the Social Democratic Left in the French National Assembly. In 1851, Louis Bonaparte staged a counter-revolutionary coup. Hugo immediately issued a manifesto to resist, but unfortunately failed. In December of the same year, Hugo was forced to flee to Brussels. During his 19-year exile, Hugo persisted in the struggle against the dictatorship of Napoleon III and continued to write. In 1852, he published the political pamphlet "Napoleon the Little", which made a biting rebuke of Napoleon III. In the spring of the same year, he wrote "The Beginning and End of a Crime", which made an angry indictment and ruthless exposure of the counter-revolutionary usurpation of power. Hugo followed the pace of the times all his life and was an important writer in the history of French literature. It is particularly worth mentioning that in 1861, Hugo was full of righteous indignation when he learned that the British and French invaders had set fire to the Old Summer Palace. He wrote righteously: "The French Empire has obtained half of the spoils from this victory, and now it is so naive as if it were the real owner that it has put on display the glorious plunder of the Old Summer Palace. I long for the day when France will be free from its burden, cleanse its guilt, and return these riches to the plundered China." On May 22, 1885, Victor Hugo, the great French national poet and famous novelist, died in Paris. For more than 100 years, the French people and the people of the world have remembered this great French cultural pioneer. Hugo's immortal masterpieces of novels such as "Notre Dame de Paris", "Les Miserables" and "Ninety-three" are still loved by the general public. French writer Hugo's film adaptation of Hugo's work of the same name