On June 27, 1964 (May 18 of the Lunar calendar), Mao Zedong severely criticized the literary and artistic world.

On June 27, 1964, Mao Zedong gave instructions to the Communist Party of China's Central Committee's Ministry of Propaganda on the "Report on the Situation of the National Federation of Cultural Associations and Associations".

On February 3, the Chinese Theatre Association held the "Spring Party" in the CCP Hall, with about 2,000 theatre workers from Beijing and abroad participating in the event. Some people were dissatisfied with the performance and wrote a letter to express their opinions. The Ministry immediately communicated to the theatre association group, ordered them to inspect, and in late March convened the members of the CCP and the association party group, the general branch and branch secretary of more than 50 people, held three meetings in a row, and discussed. Then, the National CCP, coordination, concertation, USC, dance association. The entire cadres of 10 units such as the Civil Arts Research Association and the Photography Society gathered more than 20 days to repair the wind, the Ministry of the CCP will report the situation to the Central Committee.

Mao Zedong pointed out that these associations and the majority of the publications they owned (a few are said to be good), for 15 years, basically (--all people) did not implement the party policy, served as gentlemen, did not approach the workers and peasants, did not reflect the revolution and construction of socialism. In recent years, it has fallen to the edge of revisionism. If not seriously reformed, it must one day in the future, to become a group like the Hungarian Pedofilian Club.