Today, 789 years ago, on June 6, 1236 (May 2, 1236 in the lunar calendar), Wen Tianxiang of the Southern Song Dynasty was born. Wen Tianxiang Wen Tianxiang (June 6, 1236-January 9, 1283, 783 years ago), nickname Yunsun, courtesy name Tianxiang; Later, take the word as the name, and change the word to perform well; Later, the name was changed to Song Rui, and the name was Wenshan. A native of Luling, Jizhou (now Ji'an, Jiangxi). Minister of the late Southern Song Dynasty. In the fourth year of Bao (1256), he became Jinshi. In the ninth year of Xianchun, Emperor Duzong of the Song Dynasty (1273), he was appointed as a punishment prison in Hunan Province. The following year, he was transferred to Ganzhou. When he got the news that the Yuan army crossed the river, he immediately organized 10,000 people to raise troops to serve the king. In the first month of the second year of Germany (1276), Empress Dowager Xie delivered a surrender form to the Yuan army. Wen Tianxiang was sent to the Yuan camp to negotiate, detained, escorted north, then managed to escape, and then organized militia to resist the Yuan. In the second year of Jing Yan (1277), Wen Tianxiang recovered Xingguo and other counties, surrounded Ganzhou, and his army was quite strong. However, the militia organized by Wen Tianxiang was not strong in combat effectiveness and was quickly defeated by the Yuan army, and Wen Tianxiang's wife was also captured by the Yuan army. He had to pick up the remaining troops and rush to Xunzhou, stationed in Nanling. Later, he continued to fight against the Yuan Dynasty in Chaozhou and Huizhou in Guangdong. In the first year of Xiangxing (1278), the Song court named Wen Tianxiang Shaobao and Xinguogong. In December, the Yuan army launched a large-scale attack from land and sea, and Wen Tianxiang withdrew from Chaoyang and moved to Haifeng. Because of the betrayal of the traitor, he was captured by the Yuan army again in Wupoling. In the first month of the following year, when he was moved to Shanghai, he wrote the poem "Crossing Lingding Ocean" when he passed through Lingding Ocean in the Pearl River Estuary. In the poem, "No one has died in life since ancient times, and keep his heart to shine on history", so that he would rather die than surrender. After the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, Wen Tianxiang was taken north and arrived in Dadu (now Beijing) on the first day of October in the 16th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1279). Liu Mengyan, the former prime minister of the Song Dynasty, and Emperor Gongdi of the Song Dynasty, who was named Duke of Ying by the Yuan Dynasty, successively persuaded him to surrender, but they were all rejected. He was in prison, but the ink of his poems spread all over the capital and was regarded as a treasure. In prison, he also wrote the "Song of Righteousness" that has been handed down through the ages, counting the figures of all generations who are not afraid of power and sacrifice, to show his determination to die for the country at any time. On December 9, 19th year of the Yuan Dynasty (January 9, 1283), he died in Chaishi (now Fuxue Hutong, Dongsi North Street, Beijing, it is said that it was at Caishikou outside Xuanwumen) at the age of forty-seven. Wen Tianxiang's posthumous works include The Complete Works of Mr. Wenshan. He, Zhang Shijie and Lu Xiufu are known as the "Three Heroes of the Song Dynasty".