171 years ago today, on July 12th, 1854 (June 18th, 1854 in the lunar calendar), George Eastman, the inventor of Koda camera and film, was born. "You press the shutter, leave the rest to us!" This is a world-famous advertising slogan, and it is also a famous slogan created by George Eastman, the world-famous father of popular photography, a century ago, and it is still well known to the masses today. It shows the concise and customer-friendly style of Kodak cameras. As an excellent brand with a history of more than 100 years, Kodak plays an irreplaceable role in our lives. As the founder of the company, George Eastman's achievement lies in the fact that he not only created "Kodak", but also laid the company's cultural concept and development direction. His influence continues to this day. On July 12, 1854, George Eastman was born in Waterville Village, New York, USA, the youngest of three children in his family. Old Eastman House is the place where George's father was born, and George spent his childhood there. When George was five years old, his father sold the nursery and moved the family to Rochester. Here, old Eastman devoted his life to the Eastman School of Business. However, when George was 7 years old, his father died unfortunately, the school was forced to close, and the family was in trouble. Eastman's mother is a strong woman. She doesn't have much education and can only do odd jobs for others to earn money, but she knows the importance of education to children. In order to raise the expenses for her children's schooling, she worked day and night, and had a rare rest. Eastman's heart was very painful to see his mother working so hard, but at an early age, he could only remember his mother's kindness in his heart. At the age of 14, Eastman refused to study anymore. He couldn't bear his mother to bear the burden of the family alone. He wanted to help his mother share this responsibility. Despite his mother's repeated objections to him dropping out of school, Eastman's determination was determined. After dropping out of school, Eastman began to work as a handyman in the insurance company. The work was very hard, and he was paid $3 a week. A year later, he became an employee of another insurance company. Through his own continuous efforts, Eastman soon became responsible for sorting out and filing insurance policies, and even preparing insurance policies. And his salary has also increased to $5 a week. Although he only had such a small amount of money, Eastman regarded it as a treasure, carefully accumulated it and gave it all to his mother. At the same time, he also works as a part-time salesman of bookshelves, and sometimes even comes to the door to sell knitting needles for sweaters to housewives. The sales job was even more blowing, and he often met with cold eyes, but Eastman endured it for the sake of his mother and family. In this way, the situation at Eastman's family began to improve slowly. In order to find a better-paying job, Eastman homeschooled accounting every night. In 1874, after five years in the insurance industry, he was hired as a junior clerk at the Rochester Savings Bank. His salary has tripled-over $15 a week. Later, after several years of thrifting, Eastman finally amassed $3,000. As a bank clerk, Eastman has stepped into the ranks of white-collar workers. Fascinated by photography When he was young, Eastman liked to travel. Originally, he didn't have money or time, but now he can finally walk around. In 1879, at the age of 25, Eastman planned a vacation to Santo Domingo. When a colleague suggested that he document the trip, Eastman paid $94 for a photographic kit-including a camera and rendering equipment. In this way, he slowly learned photography techniques and became fascinated by photography. But to Eastman's annoyance, the camera was too bulky at the time: the camera was as big as a microwave oven and required a heavy tripod. He also brought a tent so that he could coat the glass sheet with photographic latex, expose the glass sheet again, and then rinse the exposure plate before it was wet. It can be said that the complete set of equipment is "a whole carriage". To make matters worse, this machine is very troublesome to operate. If you don't strictly follow the technical essentials, the result will either leak light or be blurred. Besides, it cost $5 to learn how to use it to take pictures. Can photographing bring pleasure to tourists in this way? Eastman secretly vowed to make efforts to improve photographic equipment, simplify shooting procedures, and make photographic technology "popular"-using a camera is as convenient as using a pencil, so that everyone can enjoy the joy of photography. Eastman's trip to Santo Domingo didn't happen, but he was completely captivated by photography and determined to make the complex process simple. After returning home from the bank every day, he plunged into his own research. The kitchen at home became his laboratory, and he bought all kinds of chemical reagents and did all kinds of experiments. For chemistry, Eastman is a layman, but the so-called practice leads to true knowledge. Through various experiments, many mysteries have been uncovered by him. Eastman's main "mentor" was a British photography magazine that he had turned over. In the magazine, he read that photographers were making gelatin emulsions. The glass sheet coated with this emulsion can still maintain photosensitivity after drying and facilitate exposure. Drawing on the recipe introduced in the magazine, Eastman also started making his own gelatin emulsion. During the day, Eastman worked in the bank, and at night, he did experiments in the kitchen at home. When he was tired, he lay on the floor to sleep for a while, and when he woke up, he went on to work. This endless monotony Eastman didn't feel bitter at all, because his heart was filled with the joy brought by creation. In one experiment, Eastman ran from Wednesday to Saturday night, just in time when his girlfriend called for a date, and the two agreed to meet at the station at 10 o'clock the next morning. After hanging up the phone, Eastman began to do his own experiment again, but because he was so focused, he was already in the middle of the day when he remembered the date. There are too many such situations to mention, and my girlfriend couldn't stand it any longer, so she broke up with him. Although his heart was very painful, Eastman continued his invention. "Kodak" was born. The god of destiny finally smiled at this young man who regarded his career as his life. After continuous experiments, Eastman finally invented a film coated with a layer of dry gelatin. Before that, all photosensitive negatives were wet films. After the wet sheet is coated with emulsion, it must be exposed and rinsed while it is wet, while the dry sheet can be exposed and rinsed at any time. Subsequently, Eastman invented a milk coater and began to mass-produce dry sheets. Eastman's inventions began to attract people's attention, and his research began to be sponsored by businessman Stone. In 1881, at the age of 27, Eastman used his savings of $5,500 over the years as funds to establish Eastman Dry Board Manufacturing Company in Rochester, which was the predecessor of Kodak Company. In the later development process, Eastman's company almost went bankrupt due to problems with a batch of dry plates produced. Finally, Eastman recalled all those bad boards and replaced them with good products. Although compensating those versions of Eastman suffered heavy losses and almost lost everything, his practice won their company a good reputation. In 1886, Eastman developed a roll-type photosensitive film, namely "Eastman Film", ending the history of using wet, bulky and fragile glass sheets as photographic negatives. But these inventions did not satisfy Eastman. After all, the real "popularization of photography" has not yet been achieved, and his ultimate goal is a family-oriented, portable home camera. Eastman devoted all his energy to improving the camera, studying how to make the machine smaller, lighter and more convenient. After numerous failures, a new camera developed by Eastman in 1886 was finally born. This is a great invention in human history! At the same time, the most special thing about this kind of camera is that after all the shots are finished, the camera is sent intact for development. This style and sales method is of epoch-making significance in the history of photography development. Photography enthusiasts ended the era of loading photographic equipment in horse-drawn carriages. In order to give his new product a chic name, Eastman thought for a long time. Finally, he coined a new word-"Kodak". But at the beginning, the situation was not very good. Because it was a new thing, when Kodak cameras were first launched on the market, almost no one cared. Looking at this strange thing, everyone doesn't believe that it will make a good portrait. Besides, taking pictures has always been a very troublesome thing. Many people are afraid that they don't have the skills to fiddle with this new gadget. Faced with this situation, Eastman came up with a very good idea. He put an advertisement in the media: "You just press the button, and we will do the rest." Less than a year later, the slogan became a household name. Subsequently, advertising managers and advertising agencies all raced to implement his ideas, and magazines, newspapers, display cases and billboards were covered with Kodak slogans. In 1892, Eastman renamed the company "Eastman Kodak" Company. In 1895, Kodak put a pocket camera on the market with a price of $5, which caused a sensation all over the world-the dream of "popularization" of photography technology finally became a reality. Focus on management and innovation In order to build an excellent brand, Eastman has attached great importance to scientific research from the very beginning. To this end, he spared no expense to recruit many first-class talents and encouraged them to explore and develop new products. Kodak's research and development budget ranks among the top in the American business community, with a daily investment of up to $1.5 million. The head office alone employs about 2,000 engineers and scientists to engage in various research work. By chance, two musicians in the United States inspired the idea of improving color photography while watching a short color film. So, they divided the emulsions prepared by German scientists into three layers, and finally found that they had a photosensitive effect on the red, green and blue colors of the light source. What they didn't expect was how important this discovery was to Eastman. At that time, in color photography, photographers had to install three different color filters of red, green and blue on the lens. The tools were complicated and the cost was high, and the colors were painted manually, so the results were not very good. As soon as Eastman saw their new achievements in the journal, he was acutely aware that the continuation of this research would bring about a reform in color photography. In 1930, Eastman signed a contract with these two musicians, and strongly supported them in terms of technical strength and funds. After three years of hard work, the world's first photosensitive color film that can use the two-color drying process came out. In addition to advanced technology, the most important thing is an excellent management system. No matter what it does, Eastman always holds a customer-centered attitude, and always implements the idea of abandoning complexity and keeping it simple. Even the name of the company, "Kodak", stems from one of his wishes to create a name that doesn't exist in any language, but is catchy in any language. At the beginning, Eastman once recalled a batch of defective photosensitive materials and gave customers a full refund, although there was no law requiring him to do so at the time. But Eastman firmly believes that losing customer trust will cause more serious losses to Kodak. To this day, this concept is still strictly followed. At Kodak, nothing is more important than maintaining the brand. In addition, we can't help but mention the suggested reward system. In 1889 George Eastman received a proposal from an ordinary worker. The proposal calls on the production department to clean the glass windows. Although this can't be smaller, Eastman saw its significance. He thought it was a manifestation of employees' enthusiasm, and immediately publicly commended it and gave bonuses, thus establishing a "Kodak suggestion system". This system has been retained to this day, and it has been continuously improved. The bonuses of employees of the company for making suggestions amount to millions of dollars every year. To Eastman's surprise, the "Kodak Advice System" he established later became the object of other major enterprises to follow suit. In addition to creative talent, Eastman, a lifelong unmarried philanthropist, also integrated humanization and * management at the beginning of the establishment of the enterprise with extraordinary foresight. He believed that employees should not just have a good income-a way of thinking that was far ahead of the managers of his time. At the beginning of the company's establishment, Eastman began to plan to pay "dividends" to employees. His first act in 1899 was to distribute a large sum of his own money free of charge to every employee who worked for him. Later, Eastman set up "dividends", in which every employee can get a bonus above salary according to the annual dividend of the company's stock. Mr. Eastman believes that the company's prosperity is not only due to inventions and patents, but also to the dedication and loyalty of employees, which can be consolidated through profit sharing. In 1919, Eastman gave one-third of his company stock (with a market value of $10 million at that time) to its employees. Later, he began to implement plans to establish pension, life insurance and work-related injury insurance. Eastman was an inventor and a successful entrepreneur. He doesn't need to produce cameras all over the world, but camera manufacturers all over the world have to pay him for any use of his patented products. He triggered many milestone revolutions in photographic technology. But perhaps his career was too busy, perhaps he was too focused on his inventions, and Eastman never married. But Eastman was not withdrawn. He spent all his later thoughts and wealth on philanthropy, and his contribution to philanthropy was almost as well known as his pioneering work in the field of photography. Eastman didn't have much education, but he donated a lot of money to run education throughout his life. The University of Rochester set up a conservatory of music with his millions of dollars donated. At that time, many schools received donations from "Smith". People never figured out who this Smith was, and the secret was not revealed until his death. This was a pseudonym used by Eastman. Eastman also showed keen interest in dental clinics. He developed a complete plan for the Rochester dental clinic and raised $2.5 million in financial support. He then launched a massive dental treatment program for children. Eastman loves music and wants others to enjoy the beauty and joy of music. So he founded and funded the Eastman School of Music, a theater, and a symphony orchestra. Throughout his life, Eastman's donations exceeded $100 million. It can be said that Eastman's epoch-making mark can be seen everywhere in Rochester, and he has made great contributions to enriching community life. In 1932, Eastman got an incurable disease. Without telling anyone, he chose to commit suicide by jumping into the sea to end his life. Perhaps, he just wants others to remember his most brilliant time, just like the camera and film he invented-keep the most beautiful moment.171 years ago today, on July 12th, 1854 (June 18th, 1854 in the lunar calendar), George Eastman, the inventor of Koda camera and film, was born. "You press the shutter, leave the rest to us!" This is a world-famous advertising slogan, and it is also a famous slogan created by George Eastman, the world-famous father of popular photography, a century ago, and it is still well known to the masses today. It shows the concise and customer-friendly style of Kodak cameras. As an excellent brand with a history of more than 100 years, Kodak plays an irreplaceable role in our lives. As the founder of the company, George Eastman's achievement lies in the fact that he not only created "Kodak", but also laid the company's cultural concept and development direction. His influence continues to this day. On July 12, 1854, George Eastman was born in Waterville Village, New York, USA, the youngest of three children in his family. Old Eastman House is the place where George's father was born, and George spent his childhood there. When George was five years old, his father sold the nursery and moved the family to Rochester. Here, old Eastman devoted his life to the Eastman School of Business. However, when George was 7 years old, his father died unfortunately, the school was forced to close, and the family was in trouble. Eastman's mother is a strong woman. She doesn't have much education and can only do odd jobs for others to earn money, but she knows the importance of education to children. In order to raise the expenses for her children's schooling, she worked day and night, and had a rare rest. Eastman's heart was very painful to see his mother working so hard, but at an early age, he could only remember his mother's kindness in his heart. At the age of 14, Eastman refused to study anymore. He couldn't bear his mother to bear the burden of the family alone. He wanted to help his mother share this responsibility. Despite his mother's repeated objections to him dropping out of school, Eastman's determination was determined. After dropping out of school, Eastman began to work as a handyman in the insurance company. The work was very hard, and he was paid $3 a week. A year later, he became an employee of another insurance company. Through his own continuous efforts, Eastman soon became responsible for sorting out and filing insurance policies, and even preparing insurance policies. And his salary has also increased to $5 a week. Although he only had such a small amount of money, Eastman regarded it as a treasure, carefully accumulated it and gave it all to his mother. At the same time, he also works as a part-time salesman of bookshelves, and sometimes even comes to the door to sell knitting needles for sweaters to housewives. The sales job was even more blowing, and he often met with cold eyes, but Eastman endured it for the sake of his mother and family. In this way, the situation at Eastman's family began to improve slowly. In order to find a better-paying job, Eastman homeschooled accounting every night. In 1874, after five years in the insurance industry, he was hired as a junior clerk at the Rochester Savings Bank. His salary has tripled-over $15 a week. Later, after several years of thrifting, Eastman finally amassed $3,000. As a bank clerk, Eastman has stepped into the ranks of white-collar workers. Fascinated by photography When he was young, Eastman liked to travel. Originally, he didn't have money or time, but now he can finally walk around. In 1879, at the age of 25, Eastman planned a vacation to Santo Domingo. When a colleague suggested that he document the trip, Eastman paid $94 for a photographic kit-including a camera and rendering equipment. In this way, he slowly learned photography techniques and became fascinated by photography. But to Eastman's annoyance, the camera was too bulky at the time: the camera was as big as a microwave oven and required a heavy tripod. He also brought a tent so that he could coat the glass sheet with photographic latex, expose the glass sheet again, and then rinse the exposure plate before it was wet. It can be said that the complete set of equipment is "a whole carriage". To make matters worse, this machine is very troublesome to operate. If you don't strictly follow the technical essentials, the result will either leak light or be blurred. Besides, it cost $5 to learn how to use it to take pictures. Can photographing bring pleasure to tourists in this way? Eastman secretly vowed to make efforts to improve photographic equipment, simplify shooting procedures, and make photographic technology "popular"-using a camera is as convenient as using a pencil, so that everyone can enjoy the joy of photography. Eastman's trip to Santo Domingo didn't happen, but he was completely captivated by photography and determined to make the complex process simple. After returning home from the bank every day, he plunged into his own research. The kitchen at home became his laboratory, and he bought all kinds of chemical reagents and did all kinds of experiments. For chemistry, Eastman is a layman, but the so-called practice leads to true knowledge. Through various experiments, many mysteries have been uncovered by him. Eastman's main "mentor" was a British photography magazine that he had turned over. In the magazine, he read that photographers were making gelatin emulsions. The glass sheet coated with this emulsion can still maintain photosensitivity after drying and facilitate exposure. Drawing on the recipe introduced in the magazine, Eastman also started making his own gelatin emulsion. During the day, Eastman worked in the bank, and at night, he did experiments in the kitchen at home. When he was tired, he lay on the floor to sleep for a while, and when he woke up, he went on to work. This endless monotony Eastman didn't feel bitter at all, because his heart was filled with the joy brought by creation. In one experiment, Eastman ran from Wednesday to Saturday night, just in time when his girlfriend called for a date, and the two agreed to meet at the station at 10 o'clock the next morning. After hanging up the phone, Eastman began to do his own experiment again, but because he was so focused, he was already in the middle of the day when he remembered the date. There are too many such situations to mention, and my girlfriend couldn't stand it any longer, so she broke up with him. Although his heart was very painful, Eastman continued his invention. "Kodak" was born. The god of destiny finally smiled at this young man who regarded his career as his life. After continuous experiments, Eastman finally invented a film coated with a layer of dry gelatin. Before that, all photosensitive negatives were wet films. After the wet sheet is coated with emulsion, it must be exposed and rinsed while it is wet, while the dry sheet can be exposed and rinsed at any time. Subsequently, Eastman invented a milk coater and began to mass-produce dry sheets. Eastman's inventions began to attract people's attention, and his research began to be sponsored by businessman Stone. In 1881, at the age of 27, Eastman used his savings of $5,500 over the years as funds to establish Eastman Dry Board Manufacturing Company in Rochester, which was the predecessor of Kodak Company. In the later development process, Eastman's company almost went bankrupt due to problems with a batch of dry plates produced. Finally, Eastman recalled all those bad boards and replaced them with good products. Although compensating those versions of Eastman suffered heavy losses and almost lost everything, his practice won their company a good reputation. In 1886, Eastman developed a roll-type photosensitive film, namely "Eastman Film", ending the history of using wet, bulky and fragile glass sheets as photographic negatives. But these inventions did not satisfy Eastman. After all, the real "popularization of photography" has not yet been achieved, and his ultimate goal is a family-oriented, portable home camera. Eastman devoted all his energy to improving the camera, studying how to make the machine smaller, lighter and more convenient. After numerous failures, a new camera developed by Eastman in 1886 was finally born. This is a great invention in human history! At the same time, the most special thing about this kind of camera is that after all the shots are finished, the camera is sent intact for development. This style and sales method is of epoch-making significance in the history of photography development. Photography enthusiasts ended the era of loading photographic equipment in horse-drawn carriages. In order to give his new product a chic name, Eastman thought for a long time. Finally, he coined a new word-"Kodak". But at the beginning, the situation was not very good. Because it was a new thing, when Kodak cameras were first launched on the market, almost no one cared. Looking at this strange thing, everyone doesn't believe that it will make a good portrait. Besides, taking pictures has always been a very troublesome thing. Many people are afraid that they don't have the skills to fiddle with this new gadget. Faced with this situation, Eastman came up with a very good idea. He put an advertisement in the media: "You just press the button, and we will do the rest." Less than a year later, the slogan became a household name. Subsequently, advertising managers and advertising agencies all raced to implement his ideas, and magazines, newspapers, display cases and billboards were covered with Kodak slogans. In 1892, Eastman renamed the company "Eastman Kodak" Company. In 1895, Kodak put a pocket camera on the market with a price of $5, which caused a sensation all over the world-the dream of "popularization" of photography technology finally became a reality. Focus on management and innovation In order to build an excellent brand, Eastman has attached great importance to scientific research from the very beginning. To this end, he spared no expense to recruit many first-class talents and encouraged them to explore and develop new products. Kodak's research and development budget ranks among the top in the American business community, with a daily investment of up to $1.5 million. The head office alone employs about 2,000 engineers and scientists to engage in various research work. By chance, two musicians in the United States inspired the idea of improving color photography while watching a short color film. So, they divided the emulsions prepared by German scientists into three layers, and finally found that they had a photosensitive effect on the red, green and blue colors of the light source. What they didn't expect was how important this discovery was to Eastman. At that time, in color photography, photographers had to install three different color filters of red, green and blue on the lens. The tools were complicated and the cost was high, and the colors were painted manually, so the results were not very good. As soon as Eastman saw their new achievements in the journal, he was acutely aware that the continuation of this research would bring about a reform in color photography. In 1930, Eastman signed a contract with these two musicians, and strongly supported them in terms of technical strength and funds. After three years of hard work, the world's first photosensitive color film that can use the two-color drying process came out. In addition to advanced technology, the most important thing is an excellent management system. No matter what it does, Eastman always holds a customer-centered attitude, and always implements the idea of abandoning complexity and keeping it simple. Even the name of the company, "Kodak", stems from one of his wishes to create a name that doesn't exist in any language, but is catchy in any language. At the beginning, Eastman once recalled a batch of defective photosensitive materials and gave customers a full refund, although there was no law requiring him to do so at the time. But Eastman firmly believes that losing customer trust will cause more serious losses to Kodak. To this day, this concept is still strictly followed. At Kodak, nothing is more important than maintaining the brand. In addition, we can't help but mention the suggested reward system. In 1889 George Eastman received a proposal from an ordinary worker. The proposal calls on the production department to clean the glass windows. Although this can't be smaller, Eastman saw its significance. He thought it was a manifestation of employees' enthusiasm, and immediately publicly commended it and gave bonuses, thus establishing a "Kodak suggestion system". This system has been retained to this day, and it has been continuously improved. The bonuses of employees of the company for making suggestions amount to millions of dollars every year. To Eastman's surprise, the "Kodak Advice System" he established later became the object of other major enterprises to follow suit. In addition to creative talent, Eastman, a lifelong unmarried philanthropist, also integrated humanization and * management at the beginning of the establishment of the enterprise with extraordinary foresight. He believed that employees should not just have a good income-a way of thinking that was far ahead of the managers of his time. At the beginning of the company's establishment, Eastman began to plan to pay "dividends" to employees. His first act in 1899 was to distribute a large sum of his own money free of charge to every employee who worked for him. Later, Eastman set up "dividends", in which every employee can get a bonus above salary according to the annual dividend of the company's stock. Mr. Eastman believes that the company's prosperity is not only due to inventions and patents, but also to the dedication and loyalty of employees, which can be consolidated through profit sharing. In 1919, Eastman gave one-third of his company stock (with a market value of $10 million at that time) to its employees. Later, he began to implement plans to establish pension, life insurance and work-related injury insurance. Eastman was an inventor and a successful entrepreneur. He doesn't need to produce cameras all over the world, but camera manufacturers all over the world have to pay him for any use of his patented products. He triggered many milestone revolutions in photographic technology. But perhaps his career was too busy, perhaps he was too focused on his inventions, and Eastman never married. But Eastman was not withdrawn. He spent all his later thoughts and wealth on philanthropy, and his contribution to philanthropy was almost as well known as his pioneering work in the field of photography. Eastman didn't have much education, but he donated a lot of money to run education throughout his life. The University of Rochester set up a conservatory of music with his millions of dollars donated. At that time, many schools received donations from "Smith". People never figured out who this Smith was, and the secret was not revealed until his death. This was a pseudonym used by Eastman. Eastman also showed keen interest in dental clinics. He developed a complete plan for the Rochester dental clinic and raised $2.5 million in financial support. He then launched a massive dental treatment program for children. Eastman loves music and wants others to enjoy the beauty and joy of music. So he founded and funded the Eastman School of Music, a theater, and a symphony orchestra. Throughout his life, Eastman's donations exceeded $100 million. It can be said that Eastman's epoch-making mark can be seen everywhere in Rochester, and he has made great contributions to enriching community life. In 1932, Eastman got an incurable disease. Without telling anyone, he chose to commit suicide by jumping into the sea to end his life. Perhaps, he just wants others to remember his most brilliant time, just like the camera and film he invented-keep the most beautiful moment.