61 years ago today, on October 11th, 1964 (September 6th, 1964 in the lunar calendar), Khrushchev stepped down. Controversial former Soviet leader Khrushchev (1894-1971) On October 11, 1964, the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union held a meeting to discuss the removal of Khrushchev. The National Security Council took special security measures against Khrushchev, isolating Khrushchev from the initial preparatory meeting until the final resolution was passed on 14th. At that time, Khrushchev was on holiday in the central villa of Pitsunda on the Black Sea in the south, which was also the last few days of his political career. At that time, mikoyan was also on vacation in the central villa not far from Khrushchev, so he didn't attend the preparatory meeting at the beginning. At the plenary session in June 1957, the incident against the so-called "anti-party group" of Malenkov, molotov and Kaganovich saved Kozlov, an important figure of Khrushchev (who was one of the three-member groups presided over with zhukov and serov). The Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party made a decision at the presidium meeting, and suslov would be the main speaker at the Central Plenary Session in the future; Brezhnev has been elected as the first secretary. On 11 October, Brezhnev telephoned Khrushchev in Moscow, informing him that the presidium was meeting, and that it was mainly discussing Khrushchev's draft plan for the division of agricultural institutions. At first, Khrushchev refused to return to Moscow to attend the meeting in such a haste. Mikoyan, who was on vacation on the Black Sea at that time, also received a phone call and was told to return to Moscow to attend the meeting. Mikoyan immediately set off. After some time, Brezhnev informed Khrushchev by telephone again that if he refused to come to Moscow, the presidium would meet in his absence. Discuss the agenda, so that Khrushchev agreed to go to Moscow. After the plane arrived at Moscow Airport, He was not allowed to go home. The replacement of Khrushchev was carefully considered by the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party in advance. Originally, he planned to retain Khrushchev's position as a member of the Central Committee, but later Khrushchev made a rude and insulting speech at the presidium meeting, so the presidium of the CPSU finally decided not to retain his position as a member of the Central Committee. The meeting of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party lasted until late at night on October 13th. At the night break of the meeting on October 6th, mikoyan persuaded Khrushchev to voluntarily submit his retirement statement, that is, his resignation application later published in the newspaper, saying that Khrushchev had been dismissed according to his request due to his age and health reasons. Because Khrushchev finally took a cooperative attitude with the meeting of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU, he decided not to hold extensive discussions or sharp public condemnation of Khrushchev himself at the Central Plenary Session held on October 14th. The meeting of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party continued on the morning of October 14th, and in the afternoon, it was transferred to the fully prepared Central Plenary Session. Brezhnev announced the meeting of the Central Plenary Session, mikoyan presided over the meeting, and suslov made a report on Khrushchev's dismissal and its reasons. Suslov's report emphatically criticized Khrushchev's mistakes in domestic policies, mainly in agricultural policies and economic policies. On organizational issues, he accused Khrushchev of engaging in personal superstition, appointing relatives and friends as consultants, and listening to the opinions of relatives and friends'consultants instead of consulting the opinions of the presidium. In terms of foreign policy, he was accused of appointing Ajubeyi, the editor-in-chief of Izvestia and his son-in-law, to allow Arab to exercise his functions and powers as an informal foreign minister. Many foreign policies were formulated without consulting Foreign Minister gromyko. Subsequently, without discussion at the Plenary Session of the Central Committee, the proposal to dismiss Khrushchev from his positions as first secretary and chairman of the Council of Ministers, and to dismiss his qualification as a member of the Central Committee, was unanimously adopted. At the 1960 United Nations General Assembly, Khrushchev (sitting next to him was Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko) gained notoriety in the West for his perverse behavior and unobstructed attacks with his famous "To hell with imperialism!" Speech. He even took off his leather shoes in public and slammed them on the podium at the UN General Assembly.