Bolivarian

In 1815, Bolivar envisioned in his "Letter from Jamaica" that when South America was liberated from Spanish colonial rule, New Granada and Venezuela should form a country, named "Colombia." In August 1819, the Patriotic Army led by Bolívar defeated the Spanish Colonial Army in the Battle of Poyaca and liberated Bogotá. As a result, New Granada and most of Venezuela were liberated. After obtaining the consent of the patriotic military and civilians of New Granada, Bolívar proposed at the Venezuelan Congress held in Angostura in December of the same year that Venezuela and New Granada jointly form a unified country. On December 17, Congress passed a resolution formally establishing the Republic of Colombia that unites the two regions. In May 1821, the State of Colombia held a Constitutional Convention in the temporary capital of Cucuta. On August 20, the meeting adopted and promulgated the first constitution of Colombia. The Constitution stipulates the implementation of a centralized republic, and also passed a series of decrees announcing the abolition of slavery, liberating slaves and their children, and prohibiting the purchase and sale of slaves; stipulating that citizens enjoy equal rights and have freedom of speech and publication. The meeting elected Bolívar as the first President of the Republic and Santander as Vice President. In May 1822, Bolivar General Sucre led his army to liberate Quito, and then Ecuador announced its accession to the Republic of Colombia.

In January 1830, Bolívar resigned as president in Congress in an attempt to resolve differences and safeguard national unity, but to no avail. On May 31, the Quito region announced its withdrawal from Colombia and the establishment of the Republic of Ecuador. Bolívar passed away on December 17, and subsequently, Colombia disintegrated. In 1831, Colombia and Panama were renamed the Republic of New Granada.