On this day, 57 years ago, July 16, 1968 (June 21, 1968 in the lunar calendar), China botanist Hu Xianchuan passed away. China botanist Hu Xian was born in Xinjian County, Jiangxi Province. He was born on May 24, 1894 in an official family in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province. When Hu Xianxian was 3 years old, he learned the "Three Character Classics" and "Thousand Character Texts" with a tutor. One year later, he was able to read thousands of people. At the age of 5, after finishing the Analects of Confucius, he was not only able to read more than 10,000 words, but also learned Fanqi and exegesis. His intelligence surprised his relatives and friends, and everyone regarded him as a "prodigy" and was deeply loved by his parents. He died of a sudden myocardial infarction at his home on July 16, 1968 at the age of 74. Xiao Bian listed a few examples to let everyone know more about this China botanist: 1. Large-scale investigation and collection of plant specimens In order to rationally develop and utilize my country's rich plant resources, in the autumn of 1919, Hu Xian decided to conduct a large-scale collection of specimens and survey of plant resources. After obtaining the consent of Peking University, Beijing Normal University, and Shenyang Normal University, they jointly initiated the organization, and quickly received the approval of 7 colleges and universities and 24 middle schools in China, and the Commercial Press was also willing to sponsor it. During this investigation, he collected a large number of plant specimens from Tiantai, Yandang, Songyang, Sui 'an and Xidong Tianmu Mountains in Zhejiang Province. In the spring of the following year, I went to Ji 'an, Ganzhou, Ningdu, Jianchang, Guangxin in Jiangxi Province and the Wuyi Mountains in Fujian Province. During the inspection and collection that lasted more than half a year and traveled more than 10,000 miles, I obtained tens of thousands of precious wax leaf specimens. Hu Xianchuan is the second scholar after Zhong Guangxing to conduct large-scale field collection and survey. After all wax leaf specimens were sorted out and identified, the "Zhejiang Plant List","Jiangxi Plant List"(with the plants of Chong 'an County, Fujian Province) and "Jiangxi and Zhejiang Plant Specimen Identification List" were successively written from 1921 to 1922, and published in the journal Science. 2. Compiled my country's first "Higher Botany" and "Genus of Seed Plants of China" In order to enable college students in China to read university textbooks compiled by scientists from their own countries, Hu Xianqi, Zou Bingwen and Qian Chongshu jointly compiled the first Chinese "Higher Botany" in my country's history dedicated to university biology students. The book was published by the Commercial Printing House in 1923. It has 462 pages and 306 illustrations. A comparison table of English and Chinese nouns is attached at the end of the book. The content in the book is relatively novel, and it also corrects improper names and nouns that were previously translated from foreign botany editions. At that time, there was no Chinese textbook "Botany" in my country, and the book became the main teaching material for universities in China and had a great influence on the education community. In the autumn of 1923, Hu Xian went to the United States again to study at Harvard University. Due to excellent academic performance, I obtained a master's degree in just one year. He also spent more than two years (1923-1925) at Harvard University's Arnold Forest Boretum to inspect and collect plant specimens collected and transported from western and central China since 1899, as well as family and genus records about China plants published in various foreign journals and magazines, and compiled a "Genus of Seed Plants of China"(two volumes of English typewritten text). As a doctoral thesis, he received his doctorate in 1925. After returning to China, he continued to serve as professor of botany at Southeast University and director of the Department of Botany at the Institute of Biology of China Science Society. At that time, due to the urgent need for data to identify specimens in China, the manuscript was copied among each other as many as ten times, providing necessary documents for Chinese botanists to begin to study and study plant classification. 3. The establishment of "China Journal of Botany" aims to develop modern plant science in the motherland and enable plant researchers and teaching staff in various places to communicate with each other, promote academic exchanges, and popularize botany knowledge in society. Initiated and prepared by Hu Xianyu and 19 botanists including Li Jidong, Zhang Jingyue, Qian Chongshu, Chen Huanyong, and Chen Rong, the inaugural meeting of the "China Botany Society" was held on August 20, 1933 at the China Academy of Western Sciences in Beibei, Chongqing, Sichuan. At the meeting, Qian Chongshu was elected as the first president and Chen Huanyong was elected as the vice president, and Hu Xian was elected as the editor-in-chief of China Journal of Botany (quarterly). In March 1934, Hu Xianzhen wrote a "Speech" for the inaugural issue of the magazine, and for the first time introduced "An Overview of Botany Progress in China in Recent Years" to domestic and foreign countries. From August 21 to 27 of the same year, the first Annual Meeting of the Botany Society of China was held in Lotus Valley, Lushan. At the meeting, Hu Xian was re-elected as the second president. At the annual meeting, Hu Xianzhen proposed to use his own strength to compile the "Flora of China." 1935-1948 In 1999, Hu Xianzhen was hired as the first and second assessor of the Nanjing Sinica Academy.