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Breaking-News >> TodayHistory On September 20, 2015, the Long March 6 rocket was successfully launched with 20 stars with one arrow
On September 20, 2015 (August 8, 2015 in the lunar calendar), China's 20-star technology with one arrow was superior to the United States and Russia alone in Asia. On September 20, the Long March 6 rocket was ignited and launched in Taiyuan. At 7:01 on September 20, 2015, China's new carrier rocket Long March 6 was successfully launched in Taiyuan, marking the addition of a new member to the China Long March family. The Long March 6 launched 20 satellites into orbit 524 kilometers above the earth at one time, creating the largest in Asia. The liquid oxygen kerosene engine developed by China also completed its first flight test, marking a qualitative leap in the Long March series of rockets from engines to commercial applications. China ranks third in the world in the number of satellites with one rocket with 20 satellites, as the name suggests, is a launch technology that uses a single launch vehicle to simultaneously or successively launch several satellites into Earth orbit. Its launch method is superior, which can make full use of the rocket's carrying capacity, reduce satellite launch costs, and enable multiple associated satellites to maintain close cooperation. The first country to achieve multiple stars with one arrow was the United States. In 1960, the United States used a single rocket to launch two satellites for the first time, and in 1961, it achieved three stars with one rocket. Subsequently, the Soviet Union used a rocket to launch eight satellites many times, and the European Space Agency also mastered this launch technology. In September 1981, China successfully used a "Storm-1" rocket to send a group of three "Shijian"-2 satellites into Earth orbit, becoming the fourth country to independently master the technology of launching multiple satellites with one rocket. Before 2008, the "many" stars with one arrow maintained a single-digit record for a long time, and India was the first to break it. On April 28, 2008, India successfully launched a self-developed launch vehicle. This four-stage PSLV-C9 rocket carries 10 satellites into space with a total mass of 824 kilograms. India's successful launch of ten satellites with one arrow caused a sensation in the world and set a new record in the world's aerospace history at that time. As a result, India has also become the fifth country to master the technology of launching multiple satellites with one rocket. On November 19, 2013, the U.S. Orbital Sciences Corporation's Minotaur rocket was ignited from the NASA base on Walepps Island off the east coast, sending a record 29 satellites into Earth orbit at the same time. Two days later, Russia broke the record. On November 21, Russia successfully launched 32 satellites with a Dnepr carrier rocket. Become the record holder of the number of stars with one arrow so far. Long March 6 technology has a bright future beyond the United States and Russia. Since its birth, multi-satellite technology has not been purely aerospace technology. During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union fiercely chased after each other in the field of multiple satellite launches with one rocket, constantly setting new records for the number of satellites launched simultaneously and the ability to release multiple orbits, and showing off to each other the latest progress in ballistic missile multi-warhead separation technology. To this day, the United States and Russia still use one arrow and multiple satellites to compete against missile penetration and anti-missile interception from time to time. With the continuous expansion of space applications and civil needs, multiple satellites with one rocket are very popular in the global commercial satellite launch field due to their superior launch capabilities and high efficiency and low cost. As a new generation of small and medium-sized launch vehicles developed by China, the Long March 6 represents the highest achievement of China's civil rocket technology from manufacturing process to transportation and launch to measurement and control into orbit. Its technical level and application prospects surpass the American "Minotaur" rocket and the Russian "Dnepr" rocket, and is worthy of being the first in the world. In terms of design and manufacturing, the Chang-6 rocket adopts all-rocket digital collaborative research and development and integrated assembly integration technology. For the first time, a large temperature difference thermal insulation composite sandwich common bottom tank was used to "harmoniously store" two fuels, liquid oxygen and kerosene, with large temperature differences and different positive and negative pressure loads, greatly reducing the weight of the rocket. In order to meet the needs of multi-satellite launch, the Chang-6 rocket used a von Karman composite full wave-transmitting fairing for the first time in China, giving the satellite fairing all-round wave-transmitting capability and improving the mechanical environment of the entire rocket and satellite environmental conditions. For assembly and launch, the Chang-6 rocket used the newly developed high-pressure, high-thrust, non-toxic and pollution-free afterburning cycle liquid oxygen kerosene engine developed by China for the first time. Compared with the highly toxic chemical fuel engines used in the Chang-2 series and similar rockets in the United States and Russia, it is safer and more environmentally friendly and suitable for commercial promotion. In addition, the Chang-6 rocket subverts China's traditional launch model of rocket segmented transportation and tower assembly and retesting. It adopts "Sanping" test launch. The rocket stands vertically on the launch vehicle and can integrate testing, fueling and ground transportation, reducing the launch preparation cycle from several days to several hours. In terms of measurement and control into orbit, the Chang-6 rocket has achieved the integration of on-board information, power supply and distribution, and ground measurement and launch control systems, effectively improving the advancement and reliability of the rocket's electrical system. The control system adopts "double eight-meter strapdown inertial group navigation" and "iterative guidance" technology, and uses ground measurement and control networks, navigation constellations and relay satellites to combine space-based and ground-based measurement and control to achieve higher navigation accuracy and ensure The satellite's orbital accuracy reaches 100 meters, realizing point-to-point "door-to-door delivery" in space. The U.S."Minotaur" rocket and the Russian "Dnieper" rocket are both modified from intercontinental missiles. One rocket and multiple satellites technology help the split-guided ballistic missile launch vehicle and ballistic missile can be called a twin. The "Minotaur" rocket used by the United States with One Arrow and 29 satellites was first developed from the Peacekeeper intercontinental missile and belongs to a Class 5 launch vehicle. The Peacekeeper intercontinental missile was retired in 2005. Coincidentally, the Dnieper carrier rocket used by Russia was modified from the RS-20 Satan intercontinental missile and belongs to a fourth-stage carrier rocket. To achieve multiple satellites with one rocket, the first thing is to improve the rocket's carrying capacity and be able to put more satellites with higher quality into orbit. Secondly, we must master stable and reliable satellite-rocket separation technology, so that satellites can enter predetermined orbits after separation rather than "splitting things up" to create space junk for no reason. It has extremely high technical requirements for rocket performance and aerospace measurement and control. In addition, real-time control of rocket flight and adjustment of attitude of each satellite into orbit after separation of satellites and rockets are also problems that must be solved to achieve one rocket with multiple satellites. Therefore, all countries currently capable of launching multiple satellites with one rocket are leading countries in ballistic missile technology. The technical level of multiple satellites with one arrow also reflects the deterrent power of ballistic missiles in different countries. Obviously, China is gradually joining the United States and Russia and entering the first echelon. India, which has completed the launch of 10 satellites with one arrow, is only an entry-level level. There are two common methods for multi-satellite launch with one rocket. The first method is to send multiple satellites into the same or similar orbit at one time. The second method is to release satellites in batches, and simultaneously send different types of satellites with different needs into low-Earth orbit, synchronous orbit and high orbit. The intercontinental missile separation technology is more difficult than one rocket with multiple satellites. In order to evade anti-missile interception and improve penetration capabilities, the United States and Russia have gone to great lengths in miniaturization of nuclear warheads and autonomous flight of real and false warheads. Although India's Agni-5 long-range missile was successfully launched, its initial level of one-rocket and ten-satellite technology obviously cannot provide much help to its nuclear deterrence while even the miniaturization of nuclear bombs has not yet been solved. Not long ago, the high-profile Dongfeng-5B intercontinental missile displayed by China's anti-Japanese military parade unquestionably demonstrated that China has world-class guided nuclear warhead technology. Today, the successful launch of the Long March-6 with 20 satellites announced that China is also a world leader in the civil aerospace field. News raw data sources → https://www.abtool.cn/today_detail/1ghj.html 17WorldNews[2025.09.27-14:11] 访问:77
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