On this day, 71 years ago, September 8, 1954 (August 12, 1954 in the lunar calendar), the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty was signed. On September 8, 1954, under the planning of U.S. Secretary of State Dulles, the foreign ministers of the United States, Britain, France, Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, Pakistan, and the Philippines signed the "Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty" in Manila, also known as the "Manila Treaty." The treaty has 11 articles. Main contents: (1) Each Contracting Party will take action in accordance with its constitutional procedures to deal with "aggression by means of armed attack in the Treaty Area against any Contracting Party or against any country or territory that the Contracting Parties may in the future designate by consensus." The United States stated in the treaty that "its recognition of the meaning of aggression and armed attack""applies only to communist aggression";(2) when "threatened by any means other than armed attack, or affected or threatened by any fact or situation that may endanger peace in the region", the contracting parties must "immediately consult" on "measures that should be taken for common defense"; (3) Provide for the formation of a council to "conduct consultations on military planning and any other planning as required by the situation in the treaty area at any time";(4) The "Treaty Area" is "the general area of Southeast Asia, including all the territories of Asian Contracting Parties, and the general area of the Southwest Pacific, excluding the Pacific area north of 21st ° 30 'North latitude";(5) The protocol to the treaty even included "the countries of Cambodia,""the countries of Laos" and "free territory under the national jurisdiction of Vietnam"(Guide Vietnam) into its "protected" areas. It officially came into effect in September 1955 and formed the Southeast Asian Military Organization with its headquarters in Bangkok. In November 1972, Pakistan first announced its withdrawal from the organization. After the end of the War against U.S. Aggression in Vietnam, the 20th Council Meeting of the organization held in New York in September 1975 announced that the organization would "dissolve in stages" in view of the changing situation. On June 30, 1977, the organization officially announced its dissolution.