On this day, 123 years ago, on June 22, 1902 (May 17, 1902, the Chinese and British governments signed the "Shanghai Joint Trial Office Contract". On June 22, 1902, China and Britain signed the "Shanghai Joint Trial Office Contract". Since the Shanghai Concession gradually changed from "Chinese and Western separation" to "mixed residence between Chinese and Western countries" in the 1860s, a joint trial office was established to deal with Chinese criminals in the Concession. The contract stipulates that cases that are purely foreigners can only be tried by foreign consuls; cases where the plaintiff is China and the defendant is a foreigner will be "presiding" by the foreign consul, and China judges can only "observe" the trial; Other cases are nominally "reviewed" by foreign consuls and China trial officers, but in fact the real power of trial is still in the hands of foreign consuls. In the future, judges were changed to be appointed by the Consular League Committee, and even civil litigation between China would be tried by foreigners. Major criminal cases would no longer be transferred to the China government for handling, but would be handled by the joint trial office. The applicable law would be decided entirely by the jury consuls, and China law would no longer be recognized.