decembrist revolt

The Decembrists decided to take advantage of this special situation and launch military action before December 14 (December 26), when successor to the throne Nicholas would take the oath of office again, forcing the new tsar and the Privy Council to announce the restructuring. They elected Trubetskoy, Commander of the Guards, as the commander-in-chief of the uprising, and drew up the "Proclamation to the Russian People", announcing the overthrow of the tsarist government, immediately convening a Constituent Assembly, establishing a provisional government, and at the same time announcing the abolition of serfdom and the liberation of serfs across the country.

On the morning of December 14, the Guards group led by Decembrist officers marched into the Privy Council Square in Petersburg as planned. The Guards lined up a fighting phalanx under the memorial statue of Peter I. By the afternoon, the number of rebels had increased to more than 3000 people, and there were more than 20,000 people who supported the uprising. However, Nicholas I was already prepared. In the early morning of December 14, he convened an emergency State Council to announce the succession, and ordered members of the Privy Council to take an oath of loyalty to them. Then a large number of troops were sent to surround the Privy Council Square layer by layer. At this time, Trubetskoy, who was originally scheduled to serve as the commander-in-chief of the rebels, fled and disappeared. The rebels and the surrounding people were in a leaderless state, which delayed the fighter plane and made it easier for Nicholas I to mobilize troops to suppress it. After Nicholas I ordered artillery fire several times, fierce artillery, gunshots, shouts and horse hosing sounded in the square. The uprising was finally suppressed, and a total of 1271 insurgent officers, soldiers and civilians were killed.

After the failure of the uprising, the tsarist government established a "secret interrogation committee" to try those who participated in the uprising. The leaders of the Decembrist Party, Ryreyev, Karhovsky, Muravyev-Apostol, and Bestuzhev-Lyumin were sentenced to capital punishment for special crimes. Thousands of participants in the uprising were sentenced to severe sentences, and 121 were exiled to hard labor in sparsely populated, cold and deserted Siberia. It is worth mentioning that many Decembrist wives voluntarily abandoned their superior and prosperous aristocratic life and left the metropolis, choosing to follow their husbands 'long exile.