99 years ago today, on December 29, 1926 (November 25, 1926 in the lunar calendar), the famous Austrian poet Rilke passed away. Rainer Maria Rilke (1875-December 29, 1926) was an Austrian poet. Rilke was born in December 1875 in Prague, the Bohemian metropolis, which was part of Austria at the time. Rilke's childhood was lacking in fun and laughter. The poet's original name was René KarlWilhelm Johann Josef Maria Riley. His father, Joseph Rilke (1838-1906), was a frail and short-tempered man. After failing in his career, he retired from the army and got a job as a petty official in the Railway Bureau. Her mother, Sophia Fya Entez (1851-1931), was a woman fascinated by upper-class life and lived in a middle-class manufacturing family in Prague before marriage. She divorced her husband in 1884 when she couldn't bear it because her marriage could not satisfy her with a luxurious life of high class. However, various dissatisfaction during this period led to discord between the husband and wife, and also left a deep mark on the poet's childhood soul. The poet's mother's relationship with her son was not harmonious because her daughter, born a year earlier than Rilke, died shortly after birth. Faya named her son René, which means "ReBorn", also in memory of her daughter who died early. Until she was 6 years old, Faya educated Rilke as a girl, growing long curly hair, wearing women's dresses and providing cloth dolls as toys. This has also become an important theme in the poet's future creation (the fourth lament of "The Dolls" in "The Lamentations of Duino") and other works mentioned it. In 1885, Rilke was sent to a military school in Saint-Borten by his father Joseph, and a series of physical training overwhelmed him. Finally, in 1891, he left military school due to illness and turned to a business school. The period from 1892 to 1895 was probably an important turning point for Rilke, because during this time the poet was preparing for the secondary school graduation exam necessary to enter university and decided his goal of pursuing literary creation after that. He first studied at the University of Prague in 1895 and then transferred to the University of Munich in 1896. During this period, he has been majoring in philosophy, literature and art history. After Rilke left Prague, he met an important woman, Lou Andreas-Salomé, who was an important friend in his life. In 1896 he changed his name René to Rainer. In 1897, Rilke fell in love with Lou Andrés Salome, who was extremely intelligent and had extraordinary insights into literature, not long after meeting her. Although Salamei was a married woman, she also fell in love with Rilke, so the two maintained this ambiguous relationship until 1900. After the two separated, Salome also proved to be Rilke's most important mentor and friend. He often helped and reminded him when he was confused. Their relationship was labeled the Oedipus complex at a psychological psychoanalysis meeting in 1912 - 1913 (because Salome was 15 years older than Rilke). Such a theory was proposed by Freud. Rilke and Salmet established a relationship in the autumn of 1897, and the two subsequently lived in a duplex apartment on the outskirts of Berlin. In 1898, their first overseas trip was to Italy, and they spent several weeks together. Rilke then went to Russia twice with Salamee and her husband Andres, and in 1899 met Tolstoy, the literary magnate, in Moscow. On May 8, 1900, Rilke traveled to Russia alone with Salmet, this time to Moscow and St. Petersburg. In the autumn of 1900, Salamey decided to break up with Rilke, so Rilke went to a place called Volbossvid near Bremen. He met the painter Heinrich Vogeler, and through Vogeler's introduction, Rilke met Otto Modersohn and his wife Paula Modersohn-Becker, Carl Hauptmann and, of course, the most important-the sculptor Clara Westerthof (1878-1954). In April 1901, Rilke married Clara and gave birth to a daughter Ruth (1901-1972) in December of the same year. In the summer of 1902, Rilke received a work on a monograph and came to Paris. The theme of this paper was about the master sculptor Auguste Rodin (1840-1917), and his work became what became Rodin's Theory. Because Clara had studied under Rodin, Rilke was able to successfully meet Rodin and complete the work. During this time, with the help of friends, Rilke developed new insights into art, and met the litterateur Tolstoy, the painter Leonid Pasternak, the father of the author of "Doctor Zhivag", sculptors Rodan, Paul Trubezkoi, etc., all of which helped him in his future creation. Rodin is especially prominent. Rilke often mentions Rodin's famous saying to others in his letters: You must work! The first time I came to Paris was not smooth, because this "strange" metropolis still had many unknowns for Rilke. But these experiences were of great help to Rilke when he later wrote "The Prague Notes"(the full name of "The Notes of Marte Laurides Brigge"). During this period, Rilke had close interactions with Rodin, and later had frequent interactions with another well-known painter, Paul Cezanne (1839-1906). Paris also became an increasingly important place for poets, and from 1905 to 1906, Rilke served as Rodin's personal secretary. Then, because the poet's father passed away in May 1906, Rodin trusted Rilke more and more, and the workload increased, and the poet himself needed a lot of time and space to complete his creation. For these reasons, the employment relationship between Rilke and Rodin was terminated. Works born during this time in Paris include "Neue Gedichte"(1907),"Derneuen Gedichteanderer Teil"(1908),"Requiem"(1909) and the novel "Prague Notes"(1910), which began to be written in 1904. For a decade-long period (1912 to February 1922), Rilke's life was "Duineser Elegien", and the origin of the "Duineser" was due to the generous invitation of Countess Maria von Thurnund Taxis, a loyal reader of Rilke, to the poet to visit Schloss Duineser. The lament for Duino was the product of Maria's inspiration when she let him live alone in Duino Castle to get Rilke to concentrate on writing. Then World War I broke out, because the poet in Germany had his only regular residence in France for many years, and the belligerent relationship prevented Rilke from returning to Paris. So throughout World War I the poet was displaced in Germany and Austria. The residence in Paris was also paid by the government because it could not pay rent, along with a large amount of information and documents from Rilke. In 1916, Rilke was forced to be drafted into the army, but fortunately, with the help of his aristocratic friends, he was not sent to the front line, but only stayed in Munich and doing paperwork. On June 11, 1919, Rilke came to Zurich, Switzerland from Munich. On the surface, he appeared to be invited to give lectures at the invitation of Zurich, but in fact, he wanted to escape the post-war chaos and abandon the place that had delayed him for many years of writing, and start again writing "The Lamentations of Duino." However, finding a suitable place to live was difficult, first on the Irchel River near Zurich, and then in 1921, when he discovered a small castle called Muzot in the Sierre region of Wallis. Later, in May 1922, Rilke's friend Werner Reinhart (1884-1951) rented the castle for Rilke and bought it and gave it to the poet. In February 1922, in just a few weeks, Rilke was inspired and completed the decade-long creation of "Lamentations of Duino". During this time, Rilke also completed another masterpiece "Sonettean Orpheus". These two works are also the most important and influential creations in Rilke's life. Because creation consumed a lot of energy and physical strength, Rilke had to live in a nursing home in 1923. He stayed in France and Switzerland for the next two years until August 1925. At this time, Rilke was already too weak to get rid of the shackles of his illness. Finally, in 1926, Rilke's physical condition deteriorated again and was admitted to a nursing home. Finally, on December 29, 1926, Rilke passed away. The doctor diagnosed liver failure and leukemia. In January 1927, Rilke was buried in Visp, a small town west of Valle. On the smooth tombstone was the epitaph made for himself during his lifetime. Although Rilke's poems are full of loneliness, pain and pessimistic and nothingness, their artistic attainments are high. It not only displays the musical and sculptural beauty of poetry, but also expresses some content that is difficult to express, expands the artistic expression field of poetry, and has a huge impact on the development of modern poetry. Rilke's literary creation influenced a large number of people.