On this day, 56 years ago, on October 21, 1969 (September 11, 1969 in the lunar calendar), Brandt was appointed Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany. West German Prime Minister Brandt held a general election in September 1969. After the war, the long-standing Christian Alliance lost, and the Social Democrats won, forming a coalition government with the Liberal Democrats. Social Democrat Brandt became West German Chancellor on October 21. This is the first time that Social Democrats have formed a cabinet since 1930. Willy Brandt was born in 1913. Joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1931. He went into exile in Norway in 1933 due to his anti-fascist activities. Returned to China in 1947. He has served as Speaker of the Berlin City Council and Mayor of Berlin. Chairman of the Social Democratic Party since 1964. From 1966 to 1969, he served as deputy prime minister and foreign minister in the grand league cabinet, where he proposed a "small step policy" and began to improve relations with the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. After becoming prime minister, a series of reforms were implemented: the age of eligibility was lowered, and in November 1971, the management law on workers 'participation in the management of private enterprises was passed, expanding the personnel, welfare and economic rights of enterprise trade union committees; in 1973, education reform was implemented to achieve equal opportunities, and many schools were built; the Social Welfare Law was expanded to make the social welfare network more complete; Legal and administrative reforms have been carried out. Externally, we will still be backed by the military strength of the United States and NATO, and at the same time implement the "New Oriental Policy." Trying to exchange the understanding of the Soviet Union by recognizing post-war realities and normalizing relations with Eastern European countries, Brandt went to Moscow in August 1970 to sign the "Moscow Treaty" with the Soviet Union. In December of the same year, he signed the "Warsaw Treaty" with Poland, mutual recognition of the status quo of European territory and agreement on non-aggression. In December 1972, East and West Germany signed the "Basic Treaty" and recognized each other. West Germany has also established diplomatic relations with various Eastern European countries. These policies have aroused opposition from some people in the country. In addition, domestic reforms have increased national spending, resulting in a rapid increase in national debt and a decline in economic growth. The opposition party took advantage of this situation to submit a no-confidence motion against the Prime Minister in the Bundestag in April 1972. However, it failed by two votes. Brandt asked the President to dissolve the Parliament. In the new parliamentary election, the Christian Democratic Party and the Social Democratic Party were evenly matched. Although Brandt continued to govern, his position was unstable. After the espionage case of Brandt's secretary Guillaume was exposed in April 1974, Brandt was forced to resign on May 6.