105 years ago today, on August 1, 1920 (June 17, 1920 in the lunar calendar), the Indian National Liberation Movement began a non-cooperative movement. In November 1919, Gandhi, leader of the Indian National Liberation Movement, proposed for the first time "non-cooperation" with the British government. On July 28, 1920, Gandhi announced that he would start the non-cooperation movement on August 1, emphasizing the principle of non-violence and drafting its contents: return the titles and medals awarded by the British King, resign from his public office in local institutions; and not participate in all gatherings of the colonial government; Boycott British colonial education, withdraw from British official schools, and run their own schools: boycott British courts and set up their own arbitration institutions; refuse to join the army and serve in forced labor in Mesopotamia; boycott parliamentary elections; boycott foreign goods, etc. The Congress Party held a special meeting in Calcutta to formally approve Gandhi's non-cooperative movement platform and define a struggle strategy with tax resistance as the final stage. In December of the same year, at the annual meeting of the Congress Party in Nagpur, a new party constitution drafted by Gandhi was adopted, stipulating that the goal of the struggle was to obtain autonomy by all legal and peaceful means (i.e.,"Swaraji"). Gandhi thus gained the leadership of the Congress Party and promoted the non-cooperative movement to become a nationwide anti-British movement, transforming from the past of disobedience to individual decrees into a comprehensive non-violent non-cooperative movement. Gandhi strictly limited his movement to the principles of non-violence, focusing on promoting indigenous textiles and weaving, abolishing untouchability, and promoting unity between Hindus and Muslims. Gandhi gave lectures and published many articles. The Congress Party reorganized, established a Central Executive Committee, established grassroots organizations in various places, increased the number of party members to 10 million, and sent people to rural areas to promote the platform of the non-cooperation movement. In 1921, the non-cooperation movement was launched in all India. In early January, 3,000 college students in Calcutta went on strike; a large number of students withdrew from schools run by the British and created their own ethnic schools and universities; many lawyers closed down; fighting between sects stopped and cooperated with each other; A movement to spin soil was launched across the country; rallies were held to burn British cloth. On November 17, the Crown Prince of Wales visited India, but was boycotted in Mumbai and violent incidents broke out. On the 19th, Gandhi went on a hunger strike to oppose the violence and calm it down. Most of the Congress Party leaders were arrested at this time. In December, the National Congress of the Communist Party of China granted Gandhi the power of commander-in-chief of the movement. On February 5, 1922, the "Choricola Incident" occurred in which the masses burned to death police officers who came to suppress it. The struggle broke through the limits of non-violence. On February 11, under the chairmanship of Gandhi, the Congress Party held an emergency meeting in Badoli and decided to end the non-cooperative movement indefinitely. The first non-cooperative movement ended.