On this day, 67 years ago, on September 30, 1958 (August 18, 1958, the country's rural areas were basically communized. On September 30, 1958, Xinhua Agency announced that people's communization in rural areas across the country had basically been realized. In recent days, firecrackers and gongs and drums have been set off everywhere in the vast rural areas to celebrate the establishment of the commune. Most provinces, autonomous regions and suburbs of Shanghai City celebrate the National Day while celebrating rural people's communes. The report said: In early September, the extremely rapid, normal and healthy mass movement to establish people's communes in rural areas across the country generally reached a climax. Since January, provinces and autonomous regions have continuously announced the full realization of rural commune. According to statistics from the Rural Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China: Henan, Liaoning, Guangxi, Qinghai, Hebei, Beijing, Shaanxi, Shandong, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Shanghai have fully realized rural communization; more than 90% of the provinces, cities and autonomous regions have fully realized rural communization; Shanxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Gansu have more than 85% of them have Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Fujian and Inner Mongolia; Guizhou and Ningxia can also achieve or basically achieve rural communization at the end of the month. The number of farmers in Xinjiang's agricultural areas has reached 80%, and communization can be achieved by early October. More than 200 people's communes have been built in rural areas of Yunnan Province, and communization can be basically realized within October. At present, there are 23,397 people's communes in rural areas across the country, with 90.4% of the total farmers participating, with an average of 4,797 households per commune. According to statistics from ten provinces and cities, among the 5,538 communes, there are 3,343 communes with less than 5,000 households, 1,628 communes with 5,000 to 10,000 households, 516 communes with 10,000 to 20,000 households, and 51 communes with more than 20,000 households. According to statistics from 13 provinces, there are 94 counties that have built a large commune, and counties that have already established a county-wide people's commune and county association. Before the People's Communization Movement, there were approximately 750,000 agricultural cooperatives across the country. According to estimates by the Ministry of Rural Work, there will be approximately 25,000 to 26,000 rural people's communes across the country after commune. On this basis, our country will accelerate the construction of socialism. These rural people's communes will develop into grassroots units in the future communist society. While rural areas in various places have been communized, they have also generally achieved militarization of organization, combat operations, and collectivization of life. According to statistics from eleven provinces and regions of Henan, Hunan, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and Shanxi alone, there are more than 1.45 million public canteens run by the commune and more than 1.260,000 childcare organizations. In addition, communes in various places have generally established organizations such as grain processing, sewing and laundry. This liberated a large number of women's labor force. In the seven provinces of Henan, Hunan, Shandong, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Liaoning, and Heilongjiang alone, the communes implemented collectivization of life, which freed more than 20 million women's labor force from farmers 'household work and invested them in various industrial and agricultural production, greatly alleviating the shortage of rural labor since the Great Leap Forward. Since production requires larger-scale organized labor, various labor forces have been established in various localities on the basis of collectivization of commune life and the improvement of farmers 'awareness. Shanxi has established a labor force of more than 4.29 million people combining labor and martial arts. Gansu, Sichuan, Guangxi, Yunnan and other provinces and regions have organized many "field corps" in terms of smelting steel, building water conservancy, agricultural production, road construction and transportation. Fujian has also organized "field corps" to support the front line. Militarization of organizations and militarization of operations have greatly improved the utilization rate and efficiency of labor. According to reports from various places, both have generally increased by 20% to 30%. "The power of the commune is boundless, and the energy of its members is overwhelming"(said a farmer in Chuxian County, Anhui Province). Since the establishment of communes in various places, rural industry and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, auxiliary industries and fishery production have taken place a leap forward. The commune allocated labor to run many factories for smelting steel, building farm tools, making soil and chemical fertilizers, etc. There are more than 370,000 social-run factories in Henan. More than 2,500 factories were set up within a few days after the Communization of Huaian County, Jiangsu Province. Communes have industries. Hongqi Commune in Kashgar, Xinjiang, Wuxing Commune in Turpan, and Erqi Commune in Hotian have also established many small factories and small blast furnaces. After Sichuan established a commune, 8 million people were pumped to the mountains for mining, iron-making and steel-making. In 13 days, more than 60,000 earth-fired blast furnaces were built across the province. More than 2 million people in Guangxi have built more than 21,000 earth-fired blast furnaces in 20 days. More than 5 million people in Hunan are engaged in steel, and the daily output of iron has reached more than 15,000 tons. Hundreds of thousands of farmers in Anqing Prefecture, Anhui Province, have made more than 16,800 tons of iron-making in the past half a month after going up the mountain. Since farmers everywhere strive to establish communes by doing a good job in production, this year's autumn field management, autumn harvest, and fertilizer accumulation have all been carried out very quickly. In previous years, the autumn harvest in Heishan, Tieling, Kangping and other counties in Liaoning Province took two to thirty days, but it was completed in ten days this year. Sichuan Province has harvested mid-season rice ahead of schedule, and accumulated tens of billions of tons of fertilizer in half a month, exceeding the total accumulated fertilizer in the past three years. The amount of fertilizer accumulated in Shandong Province has reached more than 20 trillion kilograms. Forestry, animal husbandry, aquatic products and other production have also developed. The newly built commune in Nanping Prefecture of Fujian Province has set up 252 forest farms, 60 logging farms, and established 3,763 forestry mountain farming teams. More than 100 new pig farms have been built in the commune of Jinhua Prefecture in Zhejiang. The commune in Guanghua County, Hubei Province has also added more than 30,000 pigs in the past ten days. Communes in Liaoning have established 269 new forest farms. In August, pig breeding increased by more than 850,000 compared with the first half of the year. Freshwater fish farming in the province also increased by 600,000 acres. At the end of the year, freshwater fish production will increase compared with the first half of the year. Double. Communization will greatly accelerate rural infrastructure construction. At present, water conservancy, soil and water conservation, road construction and other projects are being built in rural areas in various places, with an unprecedented scale and speed. The labor force in Shuangyang County, Jilin Province managed 386 mountains in a few days, digging more than 270,000 feet of seepage ditches, building 76,000 feet of flood control ditches in Weishan Mountains, and more than 18,000 grain workshops. There are more than 130,000 protection projects at the head of ditches. 100,000 people in Wushan County, Gansu Province have recently cured soil erosion in 144 square kilometers of mountainous areas. Communes in Hunan have built 317 small reservoirs. After the Communization of Chuxian County, Anhui Province, the road to social communication was realized in three days of hard work. Communization has also accelerated the technological revolution in rural areas. After the communes were established in Shandong, Jiangsu, Fujian, Yunnan and other provinces, the promotion of improved agricultural tools, the promotion of vehicle-based and ball bearings was much faster than before the communes were established. Xieji Commune in Yizheng County, Jiangsu Province built 370 rope tractors in three days and three nights, realizing the traction of cultivated land. With the commune's strong human and material resources and strong accumulated strength, rural culture, education, health and social welfare undertakings are accelerating development. Communes in Henan have set up more than 100,000 middle schools, primary schools and red colleges, 28,373 libraries, more than 10,000 amateur troupes and 184 cinemas; There are a total of 6,893 commune hospitals, 17,762 maternity hospitals, and more than 6,000 bathrooms and barbershops. All the communes have established happy homes for the elderly, 95% of the communes have implemented a wage system, and 70% of the communes have implemented various supply systems. Similarly, communes in various provinces and regions have set up many schools, hospitals and maternity homes, and social societies have set up happiness homes (some called Happiness Palaces), clubs, etc. The communes in Liaoning also run aquatic products universities, fruit trees universities, horticulture universities, etc. The commune in Jilin Baicheng Prefecture also established nine military universities. Due to the Great Leap Forward in Production and the unprecedented revolutionary enthusiasm of the broad masses of farmers for socialism, the scale and speed of the movement to establish people's communes in rural areas across the country under the leadership of the Party far exceeded the climax of the 1955 winter cooperative movement. It took only more than two months from the pilot trials in various places in July and the general pilot trials in August to the realization of commune. It was only about half a year since the beginning of the merger of the company. Especially after Chairman Mao's instructions, the farmers 'demands for the establishment of communes became even more overwhelming, and the demands of the poor farmers and lower-middle farmers became even more urgent. They took the initiative to write applications, post big-character posters and broadcast debates. They defeated a very small number of well-to-do middle peasants who had doubts and resistance against higher collectivization, exposed and smashed the rumors and sabotage of some landlords, rich peasants, and counter-revolutionary remnants, and ensured the smooth and healthy development of labor. At present, people's communes in various places are still debating further the establishment and consolidation of various organizational and management systems of the communes and the handling of various specific economic issues. Many people's communes are formulating detailed plans for a greater leap forward in industrial and agricultural production next year, and some communes have begun to formulate long-term long-term plans with mechanization, electrification and landscaping as the content.