On this day, 80 years ago, on December 16, 1945 (November 12, 1945 in the lunar calendar), the chief criminal of Japan's invasion of China, Fumimo Konoe, committed suicide. On the 16th, former Japanese Prime Minister Fumo Konoe, the chief culprit in launching the war against China, committed suicide by taking potassium cyanate at Ogai Village, Kokawa, Tokyo. On the morning of December 16, 1945, Fumumo Konoe, the chief culprit in launching all-out aggression against China and the Pacific War, committed suicide by taking poison just after the U.S. military occupation authorities issued an arrest warrant for him, ending his criminal life. On October 12, 1891, Konoji was born in the five photographers of the Fujiwara Hao clan, which is second only to the Imperial Family (namely Konoji, Kujo, Nijo, and Ijo). The photographer is the chief guard family who has the qualifications to serve as regent and "Guanbai". As the eldest son of the Fujiwara family and the first eldest son of the Konoi family born to his wife in 250 years, Konoi Fumimo has been regarded as the pearl of the eye since his birth and has been greatly favored. In 1917, Konoe graduated from Kyoto University in law, and in the same year was recommended by Nishionji to work in the Ministry of Internal Affairs. In January 1919, he participated in the Paris Peace Conference with Xiyuan Temple. During this period, he successively published articles such as "Eliminating Anglo-American-based pacifism" and "A Record of Experiences in Europe and the United States after the War", expounding his views on international politics. He believed that the First World War was a war between "established powers" and "countries that demanded to break the status quo." The status quo of the United States and Britain's monopoly of colonies was "contrary to the principle of equal opportunities for mankind.""Germany wants to break this status quo. It is a sincere and legitimate request.""Japan, which has a small territory and lacks raw materials,""for its own survival needs, it has to break the status quo like Germany did before the war." He was convinced that Japan's "outward expansion is truly in accordance with nature." It can be said that since his youth, Konosei has established an ideological foundation for reasonable aggression and used it to guide his life's activities. In 1936, when the Okada cabinet collapsed due to the "February 26 Incident", the veteran Nishionji recommended Kōori to form a cabinet to stabilize the political situation. However, the guards were sympathetic to the Huangdao soldiers who launched the incident and felt embarrassed about dealing with the aftermath, so they refused on health grounds. The Hirota Cabinet and Lin Cabinet, which were established later, both ended short-lived due to inability to control the situation. After the Lin cabinet resigned in June 1937, the responsibility of forming the cabinet was once again reduced to the guards. On June 4, the first Konosei Cabinet was announced to be established. Whether they are senior officials, the military, political parties, financial circles, and civil right-wing forces, they all unanimously support the Kaohsien's appearance, although their ideas are different. Indeed, Konoe has noble blood. At the age of 46, he once left a good impression that he had no desire for power when he resigned as the prime minister. For the entire ruling class, he became a popular figure. Kōsei has met the common requirements of the interests of all sectors of the ruling class to the greatest extent possible, which is to vigorously promote external expansion. He said on the day of forming the cabinet,"Our country, which belongs to the type of 'non-holding state', must ensure our nation's own right to survival. Our country's mainland policy is based on this need to ensure the right to survival." The new cabinet has the mission of achieving "international justice", and "the better way to achieve international justice is the freedom to obtain resources, the freedom to develop sales, and the freedom to move labor needed to develop resources." It's like a declaration to seize the colonies. On July 7, 1937, one month and three days after the Kōori came to power, the Japanese army stationed in North China launched the Lugou Bridge Incident. It ignited the war of all-out aggression against China. At the end of July, the Japanese army from North China, the Kwantung Army and the Japanese army from North Korea, which came to reinforce, captured the Beijing-Tianjin area and continued to invade the hinterland of North China. On August 13, the Japanese army opened the Shanghai Battlefield. He occupied Shanghai on November 12 and immediately captured cities along the Beijing-Shanghai Railway. On December 13, Nanjing was occupied and the Nanjing Massacre that shocked the world was carried out. More than 300,000 China soldiers and civilians were killed. In October of the following year, the Japanese army occupied Wuhan and Guangzhou. In more than a year, Japan captured half of China. However, contrary to the expectations of the Japanese fascists, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, by the end of 1938, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression began to turn into a stage of strategic stalemate. Japan failed to annihilate China militarily, and the plot to induce surrender had no effect. The Konoi Cabinet was at a loss on countermeasures against China. In addition, there were differences with the Army on signing a military alliance with Germany, so he resigned in January 1939. On July 22, 1940, the Konoseki took the stage again to form a cabinet. The second new trick played by the Konoseye Cabinet in strengthening the domestic fascist system was to launch the so-called New System Movement, also known as the "Konoseye New System." Konoe claimed that the launch of the new system movement was "to cope with unprecedented internal and external turmoil and establish a strong national political system" and to bring "all political parties, factions, economic groups and cultural groups to the spirit of giving priority to public welfare.","coordination between government and people", and "practicing the principle of praising major policies." Konoe's new system contains many aspects. Politically, it is modelled on Hitler's Nazi Party, and Konoe himself initiated the establishment of a political organization that directly assists the emperor. As early as after the outbreak of the Second World War, Konoseki had begun activities to prepare for a new party. On June 24, before the formation of the cabinet, he resigned as Speaker of the Privy Council and fully implemented the plan. About a month after the establishment of the second Konosei Cabinet, existing political parties and groups were either automatically dissolved or forcibly banned. Under the slogan of "Don't miss the bus", various fascists rushed into the arms of the guards. On October 12, the establishment of the Grand Political Wing Association was announced. Konoi personally served as the president. Other important positions were held by court aristocrats, military and political officials, and fascist leaders. He also established branches in various prefectures, provinces, prefectures, and counties, with local governors serving as branch chiefs, integrating residents into "neighboring groups" organizations and practicing strict fascist rule. In December 1940, the Konoi Cabinet passed the "Outline of the New Economic System". In order to achieve "national economic integration" and strengthen the country's wartime economic control, industrial control institutions such as the Steel Control Council were established to ensure the production and deployment of war materials. At the same time, it also established a National Financial Council, issued capital utilization orders, and strengthened control over the financial industry. In addition, the Konoi Cabinet formulated the "Outline for Establishing a New Labor System" to promote a large-scale industry service movement across the country, establish various industries and industries service associations, and drive the people of the country to serve the war through labor control. In order to realize the dream of establishing a "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere" and a "three-division world between Germany and Italy," the Kono-Kyo Cabinet, while strengthening its rule in the occupied areas of China and maintaining its military advantage over China, is making intensive preparations for a "southward march" and seizing Southeast Asia, which Britain and the United States regard as their sphere of influence. In order to achieve this goal, through the mediation of Foreign Minister Matsuoka, the Trilateral Military Alliance of Japan, Germany and Italy was signed in September 1940. In April of the following year, the "Japan-Soviet Neutrality Treaty" was signed with the Soviet Union, in an attempt to use diplomatic means to suppress the United States and Britain's "southward advance" and adopt a policy of appeasement. But with Germany invading the Soviet Union, the diplomatic conspiracy effectively fell apart. However, Japan still adhered to the "marching south" plan. At the Imperial Conference on July 2, 1941, it reaffirmed the "marching south" policy and "refused to refuse to fight the United States and Britain." However, in terms of strategy, we still make two preparations, that is, on the one hand, we will continue to negotiate with the United States to seek a diplomatic solution to the problem, and on the other hand, we will create the illusion of "advancing northward" and intensify preparations. Once the negotiations break down, we will go to war against the United States and Britain. To this end, on July 16, 1941, Konoe replaced Foreign Minister Yoshike Matsuoka, who was unfavorable to the implementation of this policy by resigning the cabinet chief. The third Konosei Cabinet, which was subsequently established, continued to adhere to the government's established policies, except for replacing a few members. On September 6, the Royal Conference was held again and decided to limit it to early October. If Japan's request "still has no hope of realizing it, it is determined to immediately go to war against the United States, Britain and the Netherlands." Konoe had always actively agreed with the decisions of the "South Advance" and the Imperial Conference. However, when there was still no progress in the Japan-US negotiations in early October, he felt that he was not "100%" sure of winning a war between the United States and opposed Tojo, who advocated an immediate war, so he submitted his resignation to the Emperor on October 16. After Konoe resigned, he still participated in the formulation of major national policies as a key government official, and later also proposed such ideas as ending the war as soon as possible. But his greatest concern was to "preserve the national system" and prevent "the spread of communism." After Japan's defeat and surrender, he served as the Minister of State in the Higashi Kuma Cabinet and the "Office of the Minister of Internal Affairs" position in the Shinhara Cabinet.