Wang Shouren (1472-1529) was from Yuyao, Zhejiang. The word Bo 'an was called Yangmingzi. He was called Mr. Yangmingzi in the world, so he was also called Wang Yangming. On September 30, the eighth year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (i.e. October 31, 1472 AD), the wife of Zheng was pregnant and gave birth to Duke Wencheng in Yuyao. He died in Nan' an on November 29, the seventh year of Jiajing (i.e. January 9, 1529 AD) at the age of 57. China was the most famous thinker, philosopher, calligrapher and military strategist in the Ming Dynasty. Lu Wang was a master of spiritual learning. He was not only proficient in Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, but also able to lead troops in war. He was an all-powerful scholar rare in China's history. Because he once built a house in Yuyao Yangming Cave and called himself Yangmingzi, now he is generally called Wang Yangming, and his doctrine is called "Yangmingology" in the world. It has important and far-reaching influence in China, Japan, the Korean Peninsula and Southeast Asian countries.

Wang Yangming was born in a scholarly family and an official family on September 30, the eighth year of Chenghua, Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty. His distant ancestor was Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher and legalist in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. According to the Chronicle, on the eve of his birth, his grandmother dreamed that someone had sent his child from the clouds. When he woke up, Wang Yangming was just born. His grandfather named him Wang Yun. People in the countryside also called him Ruiyun Tower. However, when he was five years old, he still couldn't speak. One day, an eminent monk passed by and stroked his head and said,"What a child, but I'm sorry to reveal it." This meant that his name,"Yun", revealed the secret of his birth. His grandfather suddenly woke up and changed his name to Shouren. From then on, he spoke. This story is a bit mythical, but it shows that he did not show intelligence and talent in his childhood.

He followed Zhuge Liang's example and did a career. After that, he studied hard and made great progress in his studies. I am becoming increasingly proficient in riding, archery and art of war. Finally, in the twelfth year of Hongzhi of the Ming Dynasty (1499), he was admitted to the Jinshi and awarded the title of chief of the Ministry of War. At that time, Zhang Zhong, the eunuch of the prefect's military affairs, thought that he had been appointed as the chief of the Ministry of War as a civil servant, and suspected that there was fraud, so he forced Wang Shouren to shoot arrows in public. Wang Shouren raised his bow and fired three arrows in a row, resulting in three shots and three hits. Not only did it not defeat Wang Shouren, but it doubled his prestige in the army. Wang Shouren served as the chief of the Ministry of War for three years when he suddenly suffered from lung disease and reported back home due to illness. After a series of lows, he talked about "the best of the heart" in the simple atmosphere of Guizhou, which quickly aroused strong resonance among scholars and achieved tangible results in educating life. This was naturally a great comfort to his once injured soul.

Wang Shouren also founded the Longgang Academy in Guizhou, and at the request of Xi Shu, the deputy envoy of Guizhou to teach a lecture on civilized academies. For a time, students gathered together and the atmosphere became popular, which promoted Guizhou education, especially free lectures. effect. Later Yangming Academy, Zhengxue Academy, and Nanjin Academy all inherited this tradition.

Wang Shouren further developed on the basis of Lu Jiuyuan's "Mind Learning" and formed a more complete theoretical system of "Mind Learning"-"Wang Learning".

"Mind Study", as a school of Confucianism, can be traced back to Mencius. Cheng Hao of the Northern Song Dynasty opened it up, and Lu Jiuyuan of the Southern Song Dynasty opened it up, competing with Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism. In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Shouren first proposed the word "mind learning", and so far, mind learning began to have a clear and independent academic context.

Wang Shouren condensed "learning of the mind" into four sentences: "There is no goodness or disgust in the body, but there is kindness and malice." Knowing good and evil is conscience, and eliminating evil for good is studying things. "Wang Shouren believes that" conscience "is the essence of the mind, and that no good or evil is a mind that is not covered by selfish and material desires. This is" natural justice ". In the" undeveloped ", there is" no good or evil ", and it is also the realm we pursue. And when people have mental activities and add this idea to things, this idea has the difference between good and evil. When evil thoughts rise up, people often make mistakes in their judgment, that is, mistakes occur in the "movement of will", that is, they cannot correctly distinguish between good and evil, treat evil as good and good as evil, then their "conscience" will also make mistakes, and "investigating things" will go astray. At this time, we must turn back on ourselves. Strive to return your heart to a state where there is no good or evil. Only when we return to a state of no good and no evil can we have a correct conscience and understand things correctly. As long as you study things and learn to achieve a heart without selfish and material desires, the truth in your heart is actually the truth of everything in the world.

Therefore, in Wang Shouren's view,"justice" does not rely on empty talk, but on "studying things to obtain knowledge." Relying on practice and self-examination. Having justice in your heart without selfishness is like having rules and laws in the world. With rules, you can measure the square and circle of all things in the world. No matter how many squares and circles there are, no matter the size of these squares and circles, their laws can be revealed by studying things. Therefore, heaven is in people's hearts.

He believed that in order to learn,"only learning can gain the heart","if you plant it, your heart is the root." Learning is the one that cultivates, irrigates, and supports and withdraws. It is nothing more than something at the root. "It is required to use this kind of self-cultivation method that seeks inner thoughts to achieve the so-called state of" all things as one."

His theories of "unity of knowledge and action" and "coexistence of knowledge and action" are aimed at opposing Song Confucian scholars such as Cheng Yi and others who "know and act first" and various theories that separate the relationship between knowledge and action. When talking about children's education, he opposed "lashing and tying them with ropes, as if they were to be arrested" and advocated that "they must be encouraged and the center of joy" to achieve "natural growth and daily consumption." His theory appeared in an "anti-traditional" manner. After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the Yangming School was formed, which had a great influence. He recruited many disciples from all over the country. After his death, although "Wang Xue" was divided into several schools, the same school emerged and each saw its strengths. His philosophical thoughts have spread overseas and have had a great influence on Japanese academic circles. Japanese general Heihachiro Dongxiang has a waist token that says "worships Yang Ming all his life." His disciples and mental learning influenced many people: Xu Jie, Zhang Juzheng, Hai Rui, Tao Xingzhi, etc., and became famous overseas!

Comments: Wang Yangming was not only the epitome of the Song and Ming Dynasties, but also the famous achievements in his life. Therefore, he called it the "Three True Immortality"(The Supreme Supreme has moral character, followed by meritorious service, and once again he has words. Although it has not been abolished for a long time, this is called Three Immortality. "Zuo Zhuan, The Twenty-Fourth Year of Xianggong") His academic thoughts have had important and far-reaching influence in China, Japan, the Korean Peninsula, Southeast Asian countries and even the world. Therefore, Wang Yangming (the master of the study of mind) and Confucius (the founder of Confucianism), Mencius (the master of Confucianism), and Zhu Xi (the master of Neo-Confucianism) are called Confucius, Meng, Zhu, and Wang.