153 years ago today, May 18, 1872 (April 12, 1872 in the lunar calendar) was the birthday of the famous British logician Russell. Bertrand Russell was born on May 18, 1872 into an ancient and prominent aristocratic family in England. His grandfather served as Prime Minister twice during the Victoria era. Russell's parents passed away one after another while he was a child. He grew up under the care and education of his grandmother. His grandmother once presented him with a Bible on his 12th birthday. The title page of the book read "Don't follow others to do evil." This sentence became Russell's moral motto in his life. Russell loved mathematics, and began to think philosophically in his youth, exploring the philosophical basis for the perfection of mathematics and the questionable nature of religion. He also absorbed knowledge of history and literature from the rich family library. At the age of 18, Russell was admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge University, where he studied mathematics under the supervision of Munsell Wright. In the fourth grade, his interests turned to philosophy, and under the influence of his mentor McTagg, he became a neo-Hegelian for a time. In the second year after graduating from college, Russell obtained a researcher position at Trinity College and went to Berlin for inspection. In 1895, Russell and the British philosopher Moore rebelled against Neo-Hegelianism, turned to New Realism, and proposed the Theory of External Relations. The year 1900 was an important dividing line in Russell's philosophical journey. This year, he was inspired by Italian mathematician Peano and began to study basic concepts of mathematics using new logical analysis techniques. Between 1900 and 1910, he collaborated with Whitehead on the "Principles of Mathematics". The book is regarded as a milestone in the history of the development of mathematics and logic. It is this masterpiece that earned Russell a high academic status and honor. Russell was awarded the British Medal of Honor in 1949. In 1950, Russell was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature for his philosophical works that contributed to human moral culture. In his later years, Russell was most concerned about the future of the human world. Regardless of his old age and frail health, he actively participated in social activities such as opposing nuclear war and safeguarding world peace. He once issued the famous "Russell-Einstein Manifesto." After the 1960s, Russell established the "Russell Peace Foundation", which was supported by some heads of government and famous people. He has intervened in mediating the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Arab-Israeli conflict, and the Sino-Indian border conflict, and opposed the United States 'war of aggression against Vietnam. These activities aroused great repercussions around the world, and he won the World Peace Award for it. In February 1970, Russell passed away at the age of 98. Russell was one of the most influential and prestigious thinkers of the 20th century, and a rare erudite and prolific writer. He left more than seventy treatises and thousands of papers to future generations, covering many fields such as philosophy, mathematics, ethics, politics, history, literature, and education.