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When the peace treaty was signed, Russia had achieved absolute military superiority and occupied most of Finland. The Russian military hoped to move the original Russia-Swedish border north to reduce the threat to St. Petersburg. Count Lestock, who was in power at the time, advocated returning Finland to Sweden in exchange for Sweden appointing his uncle Adolf Frederick of Holstein as Crown Prince. Russian Tsar Elisabeth Petrovna supported the latter's request because Adolf Frederick's brother was his fiancé.
Finally, the two sides reached an agreement within Russia, requiring Sweden to cede all territory east of the Kimi River to Russia and make Adolf Frederick Crown Prince. Sweden accepted this condition, but suggested that the content of the treaty would cause dissatisfaction between Denmark, an enemy of Holstein, and Russia sent the Baltic Fleet to Stockholm to prevent a possible Danish attack.