On this day 140 years ago, July 23, 1885 (June 12, 1885 lunar calendar), Grant, the 18th President of the United States, died. Grant, Ulysses Simpson, 1822.4.27 - 1885.7.23] Grant, American strategist, politician, commander-in-chief of the Union Army in the late American Civil War, 18th president, army general. Born into a small family in Ohio. Graduated from the United States Army Academy (West Point Military Academy) in 1843. Participated in the Mexican-American War. Retired in 1854. After the outbreak of the Civil War, he assisted in the recruitment and training of troops in Galena, Illinois. Later, he served as a volunteer commander and brigade commander, and fought in the western battlefield. In February 1862, he led his army to capture Fort Henry and Fort Donaldson, which were held by the Allied forces in the south. He was famous and promoted to major general. In April of the same year, he severely damaged the Confederate army at the Battle of Fuluo. In April-July 1863, he commanded the Army of Tennessee to adopt roundabout encirclement tactics and attack Fort Vickers, the most important Confederate fortress on the Mississippi River. After arduous peripheral operations and tough battles, he forced the defenders to surrender and captured 31,000 people. In November, he led his army to defeat the enemy who besieged Chattanooga. In March 1864, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Union Army and held the rank of lieutenant general. Later, he worked with W.T. Sherman to formulate coordinated operations on the east and west battlefields and divided In May, he led his main force in a decisive battle with the main force of the Confederate army under R.E. Lee in Virginia, and ordered Sherman to march on Georgia. It dealt a heavy blow to the Confederate army. On April 2, 1865, he led his army to capture Richmond, the "capital" of the Confederacy, forcing the Confederate army to surrender at Appomattox on April 9. He had political courage and recognized the importance of abolishing slavery and arming blacks. He was good at grasping the overall situation of the war, and his combat command was firm and decisive. He emphasized that he should take the initiative to attack at any cost, destroy the enemy's living strength, destroy the enemy's war potential, and make outstanding contributions to the victory of the Civil War. He was promoted to the army general in April 1866. From August 1867 to January 1868, he served as acting secretary of the army. From 1869 to 1877, he was re-elected to two terms Author of "The Personal Memoirs of U.S. Grant". Comments: American Military Strategist with Progressive Thought