On this day, 218 years ago, July 4, 1807 (May 29, 1807 in the lunar calendar), Italian national hero Giuseppe Garibaldi was born. On July 4, 1807, Giuseppe Garibaldi was born in the ancient city of Nice, the Kingdom of Sardinia. At that time, Italy was still divided, with the north ruled by Austria, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in the south controlled by Spain, and the center was the jurisdiction of the Pope State. The division of the country and foreign rule hindered the development of Italian capitalism and brought serious disasters to the people. In 1833, Garipo joined the secret revolutionary organization "Italian Youth Party". The following year, he participated in the Italian naval uprising. After the failed uprising, Garibaldi was forced to take refuge in Brazil. After arriving in South America, Garibaldi participated in the Republican uprising in southern Brazil and was ordered to form and serve as commander of the Republic's Navy. He once led his army to defeat the Brazilian Imperial government troops many times, showing extraordinary courage and military talent. In 1841, Garibaldi left Brazil for Uruguay to participate in the country's war to defend independence. He led his Italian legions on the battlefield for seven years and achieved a series of brilliant results, which were highly praised by the Uruguayan government and people. Garibaldi, who had fought many battles, also accumulated rich and valuable military experience during this period. In 1848, Garibaldi, who was eager to serve the country, led his troops back to Italy at this time and actively participated in the War of Independence against Austria. After arriving in Nice, Garibaldi was warmly welcomed by the people of his hometown. He used legionary soldiers as the backbone and recruited volunteers to form an army of 1,000 people. However, under the dangerous situation of being surrounded by strong enemies and being isolated and isolated, although the volunteer army struggled hard, it ultimately failed. Although the year-long First War of Independence ended in failure, it aroused the Italian people's even higher revolutionary enthusiasm. In 1848, the Roman people revolted and overthrew the rule of Pope Pius IX, and the Roman Republic was born. Pius IX was unwilling to lose and asked European Catholic countries for help. Representatives of France, Austria, Spain and other countries gathered in Gaeta, Spain, to formulate a plan for armed intervention in the Roman Republic. At the critical moment, Garibaldi rushed in from the south to reinforce and played a mainstay role in the defense of Rome. However, because the revolutionary party leaders, including Mazzini, overestimated their own strength and blindly hoped to force the French army to hold peace talks, the enemy was given a respite and allowed to regroup. On July 3, the French army occupied most of the Urban area of Rome, and the Republic came to an end. Garibaldi himself had to go into exile in America for the second time. On May 7, 1854, Garibaldi returned to Genoa and accepted the acceptance of King Vittorio of Sardinia. Under the order of Emanuele II, an elite force-the "Alpine Hunter Corps" was formed. In May 1859, the Second War of Independence broke out in Italy, and France and the Kingdom of Sardinia jointly fought against Austria. Garibaldi personally led this hunter regiment deep into enemy lines, winning consecutive battles, and successfully cooperated with the operations on the frontal battlefield. With the end of the "Villafranca" Agreement, the Second War of Independence was abandoned halfway. In April 1860, a people's uprising broke out in the Two Sicilian Kingdoms. Garibaldi himself recruited more than a thousand volunteers to form the famous "Thousand Expeditionary Force" in history. Because this team is all wearing red clothes, also known as the "red shirts". On September 7, Naples was captured. On October 1, the interim government was announced, and Garibaldi was adopted by the people as the head of the two Sicilian states. Garibaldi, who put the overall situation first, did not choose to sit down and become king, but resolutely handed over the two Sicily to the Kingdom of Sardinia, which was capable of realizing the great cause of Italian national reunification. On November 7, Emmanuel II, accompanied by Garibaldi, entered Naples and was soon officially crowned King of Italy, and Italy was basically unified. Garibaldi was an outstanding representative figure who emerged in Italy's three wars of independence. In the war, he was determined and repeatedly defeated the enemy with a few, and achieved brilliant results, made indelible contributions to the unification of Italy, and won huge prestige and prestige for himself. Garibaldi, who was admired by all, chose to retreat bravely at this moment. He resigned from all official positions after the war and lived in seclusion on the island of Caprera. He usually only did some work in the fields or wrote something. On June 5, 1882, Garibaldi passed away at his home on the island of Caprera at the age of 75. The whole country of Italy fell into mourning, and the whole world was moved. People remembered this great hero of the times in various ways. Until the 1980s, Italian naval soldiers guarding his tombstone with guns every day. Garibaldi spent his whole life running and fighting for the cause of Italy's rejuvenation and reunification. Later generations therefore called him, Mazzini and Cavour the three heroes in the great cause of Italian national rejuvenation. Marx praised him as "not only a brave leader and outstanding strategist, but also a resourceful commander." In his brief political will during his lifetime, Garibaldi wrote down the voice of "love freedom and truth; hate lies and hate tyranny." This is the creed that this legendary hero fought for throughout his life. Comment: Italy's national hero