On October 7, 2015 (August 25, 2015 in the lunar calendar), three scientists from Sweden and the United States won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their DNA repair mechanism. At 5:50 pm on October 7, Beijing time, the 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was announced. Swedish scientist Thomas Lindahl and American scientists Paul Modrich and Aziz Sankar won the awards. The reason is to commend their achievements in studying DNA repair mechanisms. In its award speech, the Nobel Prize committee said its research explains at a molecular level the mechanisms by which cells repair DNA and how cells protect genetic information. This is very important for developing new therapies for cancer. The three will share the prize of 8 million Swedish kronor equally. Thomas Lindau was born in 1938, graduated from the prestigious Karolinska Medical Institute in Sweden, and is currently a professor at the Francis Creek Institute in the United Kingdom. Paul Modridge was born in 1946, graduated from Stanford University, and currently works at the Howard Hughes Institute and Duke University in the United States. Aziz Sanka, also born in 1946, has both American and Turkish citizenship. He graduated from the University of Texas in 1977 and is currently a professor at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine. DNA repair mechanism DNA repairing is a response of cells to DNA damage. This reaction may restore the structure of the DNA to its original state and restore its original function; but sometimes it does not completely eliminate the DNA damage, but only enables cells to tolerate the DNA damage and continue to survive. Perhaps the damage that remains without being completely repaired will show up under suitable conditions (such as cancer of the cell, etc.), but if the cell does not have this repair function, it will not be able to cope with the frequent DNA damage events and will not survive. Therefore, studying DNA repair is also an important aspect of exploring life, and is closely related to military medicine, oncology, etc. Cells can have different repair responses to different DNA damage.